Title 19, Customs DutiesRelease 119-110

§2578b Definitions

Title 19 › CHAPTER 13 — TRADE AGREEMENTS ACT OF 1979 › SUBCHAPTER II — TECHNICAL BARRIERS TO TRADE (STANDARDS) › Part F — International Standard-Setting Activities › § 2578b

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Defines key words used in this part. Agency means a federal department or agency, alone or together with others. Commissioner means the Commissioner of Food and Drugs. An international standard-setting organization is a group with reps from two or more countries that makes or changes international standards. A sanitary or phytosanitary standard is a standard used as the basis for a health or plant-health measure. An international standard includes food safety standards adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, animal health standards by the International Office of Epizootics, plant health standards by the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention (with the North American Plant Protection Organization), and standards from any other international organization agreed by the USMCA countries (see section 4502) or by WTO members (see section 3501(10)). Other definitions in section 2575b apply here too. But when using paragraph (7) of section 2575b about a foreign country’s sanitary or phytosanitary measure, any mention of the United States must be read as referring to that foreign country.

Full Legal Text

Title 19, §2578b

Customs Duties, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)In general
As used in this part:
(1)Agency
The term “agency” means a Federal department or agency (or combination of Federal departments or agencies).
(2)Commissioner
The term “Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Food and Drugs.
(3)International standard-setting organization
The term “international standard-setting organization” means an organization consisting of representatives of 2 or more countries, the purpose of which is to negotiate, develop, promulgate, or amend an international standard.
(4)Sanitary or phytosanitary standard
The term “sanitary or phytosanitary standard” means a standard intended to form a basis for a sanitary or phytosanitary measure.
(5)International standard
The term “international standard” means a standard, guideline, or recommendation—
(A)regarding food safety, adopted by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, including a standard, guideline, or recommendation regarding decomposition elaborated by the Codex Committee on Fish and Fishery Products, food additives, contaminants, hygienic practice, and methods of analysis and sampling;
(B)regarding animal health and zoonoses, developed under the auspices of the International Office of Epizootics;
(C)regarding plant health, developed under the auspices of the Secretariat of the International Plant Protection Convention in cooperation with the North American Plant Protection Organization; or
(D)established by or developed under any other international organization agreed to by the USMCA countries (as defined in section 4502 of this title) or by the WTO members (as defined in section 3501(10) of this title).
(b)Other definitions
The definitions set forth in section 2575b of this title apply for purposes of this part except that in applying paragraph (7) of section 2575b of this title with respect to a sanitary or phytosanitary measure of a foreign country, any reference in such paragraph to the United States shall be deemed to be a reference to that foreign country.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2020—Subsec. (a)(5)(D). Pub. L. 116–260 substituted “the USMCA countries (as defined in section 4502 of this title)” for “the NAFTA countries (as defined in section 2(4) of the North American Free Trade Agreement Implementation Act)”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 2020 Amendment Pub. L. 116–260, div. O, title VI, § 602(g), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2154, provided that: “This section [amending this section, sections 2702 to 2703a, 3721, 3722, and 4362 of this title, section 11 of Title 35, Patents, and section 2296b of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] and the

Amendments

made by this section shall take effect on July 1, 2020.”

Effective Date

Section effective on the date of entry into force of the WTO Agreement with respect to the United States (Jan. 1, 1995), except as otherwise provided, see section 451 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as a note under section 3601 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

19 U.S.C. § 2578b

Title 19, Customs Duties

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110