PRIA, Government Policy, Made Personal

Summary

The Secretary must find which food facilities are high risk and use known safety risks to decide how often to inspect them. Factors include the food’s safety risk, the facility’s past record (like recalls, outbreaks, or violations), how strong the facility’s preventive controls are, whether the food or facility has certain priority status or certifications, and any other needed factors. Starting January 4, 2011, inspections must increase. Domestic high-risk facilities must be inspected at least once in the 5-year period after January 4, 2011, and at least once every 3 years after that. Domestic non‑high‑risk facilities must be inspected at least once in the 7-year period after January 4, 2011, and at least once every 5 years after that. For foreign facilities, the Secretary must inspect at least 600 during the 1-year period after January 4, 2011, and then in each of the next 5 years must inspect at least twice the number inspected the previous year. The Secretary may use inspections done by other federal, state, or local agencies under agreements. For food imported at ports of entry, the Secretary and the Secretary of Homeland Security must target inspections by risk. They must consider the food’s safety risks, the risks of origin and transit countries, the importer’s past record, the importer’s supplier checks, whether the importer is in a voluntary qualified importer program, priority status, certifications, and other needed factors. The Secretary may make agreements with Commerce, Homeland Security, the FTC, and other agencies to improve seafood safety. Such agreements can include joint testing, more foreign seafood inspections, shared data, coordinated investigations, allowing NOAA staff to help with seafood checks, sharing non‑compliance information, joint training, and public outreach. The Secretary must also work with the Agriculture and Homeland Security Secretaries to better target inspection resources. “Facility” means any domestic or foreign place that must register under section 350d.

Title 21, §350j

Food and Drugs, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Identification and inspection of facilities

(1)Identification

The Secretary shall identify high-risk facilities and shall allocate resources to inspect facilities according to the known safety risks of the facilities, which shall be based on the following factors:

(A)The known safety risks of the food manufactured, processed, packed, or held at the facility.

(B)The compliance history of a facility, including with regard to food recalls, outbreaks of foodborne illness, and violations of food safety standards.

(C)The rigor and effectiveness of the facility’s hazard analysis and risk-based preventive controls.

(D)Whether the food manufactured, processed, packed, or held at the facility meets the criteria for priority under section 381(h)(1) of this title.

(E)Whether the food or the facility that manufactured, processed, packed, or held such food has received a certification as described in section 381(q) or 384b of this title, as appropriate.

(F)Any other criteria deemed necessary and appropriate by the Secretary for purposes of allocating inspection resources.

(2)Inspections

(A)In general

Beginning on January 4, 2011, the Secretary shall increase the frequency of inspection of all facilities.

(B)Domestic high-risk facilities

The Secretary shall increase the frequency of inspection of domestic facilities identified under paragraph (1) as high-risk facilities such that each such facility is inspected—

(i)not less often than once in the 5-year period following January 4, 2011; and

(ii)not less often than once every 3 years thereafter.

(C)Domestic non-high-risk facilities

The Secretary shall ensure that each domestic facility that is not identified under paragraph (1) as a high-risk facility is inspected—

(i)not less often than once in the 7-year period following January 4, 2011; and

(ii)not less often than once every 5 years thereafter.

(D)Foreign facilities

(i)Year 1

In the 1-year period following January 4, 2011, the Secretary shall inspect not fewer than 600 foreign facilities.

(ii)Subsequent years

In each of the 5 years following the 1-year period described in clause (i), the Secretary shall inspect not fewer than twice the number of foreign facilities inspected by the Secretary during the previous year.

(E)Reliance on Federal, State, or local inspections

In meeting the inspection requirements under this subsection for domestic facilities, the Secretary may rely on inspections conducted by other Federal, State, or local agencies under interagency agreement, contract, memoranda of understanding, or other obligation.

(b)Identification and inspection at ports of entry

The Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Homeland Security, shall allocate resources to inspect any article of food imported into the United States according to the known safety risks of the article of food, which shall be based on the following factors:

(1)The known safety risks of the food imported.

(2)The known safety risks of the countries or regions of origin and countries through which such article of food is transported.

(3)The compliance history of the importer, including with regard to food recalls, outbreaks of foodborne illness, and violations of food safety standards.

(4)The rigor and effectiveness of the activities conducted by the importer of such article of food to satisfy the requirements of the foreign supplier verification program under section 384a of this title.

(5)Whether the food importer participates in the voluntary qualified importer program under section 384b of this title.

(6)Whether the food meets the criteria for priority under section 381(h)(1) of this title.

(7)Whether the food or the facility that manufactured, processed, packed, or held such food received a certification as described in section 381(q) or 384b of this title.

(8)Any other criteria deemed necessary and appropriate by the Secretary for purposes of allocating inspection resources.

(c)Interagency agreements with respect to seafood

(1)In general

The Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Commerce, the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Chairman of the Federal Trade Commission, and the heads of other appropriate agencies may enter into such agreements as may be necessary or appropriate to improve seafood safety.

(2)Scope of agreements

The agreements under paragraph (1) may include—

(A)cooperative arrangements for examining and testing seafood imports that leverage the resources, capabilities, and authorities of each party to the agreement;

(B)coordination of inspections of foreign facilities to increase the percentage of imported seafood and seafood facilities inspected;

(C)standardization of data on seafood names, inspection records, and laboratory testing to improve interagency coordination;

(D)coordination to detect and investigate violations under applicable Federal law;

(E)a process, including the use or modification of existing processes, by which officers and employees of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration may be duly designated by the Secretary to carry out seafood examinations and investigations under section 381 of this title or section 203 of the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004;

(F)the sharing of information concerning observed non-compliance with United States food requirements domestically and in foreign nations and new regulatory decisions and policies that may affect the safety of food imported into the United States;

(G)conducting joint training on subjects that affect and strengthen seafood inspection effectiveness by Federal authorities; and

(H)outreach on Federal efforts to enhance seafood safety and compliance with Federal food safety requirements.

(d)Coordination

The Secretary shall improve coordination and cooperation with the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of Homeland Security to target food inspection resources.

(e)Facility

For purposes of this section, the term “facility” means a domestic facility or a foreign facility that is required to register under section 350d of this title.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

section 203 of the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004, referred to in subsec. (c)(2)(E), is section 203 of Pub. L. 108–282, Aug. 2, 2004, 118 Stat. 906, which amended section 321, 343, and 343–1 of this title and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 321 and 343 of this title.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Construction

Nothing in this section to be construed to apply to certain alcohol-related facilities, to alter jurisdiction and authorities established under certain other Acts, or in a manner inconsistent with international agreements to which the United States is a party, see section 2206, 2251, and 2252 of this title. Advisory Committee Consultation Pub. L. 111–353, title II, § 201(c), Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat. 3926, provided that: “In allocating inspection resources as described in section 421 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act [21 U.S.C. 450j] (as added by subsection (a)), the Secretary may, as appropriate, consult with any relevant advisory committee within the Department of Health and Human Services.”

§350j Targeting of Inspection Resources for Domestic Facilities, Foreign Facilities, and Ports of Entry; Annual Report