Title 29LaborRelease 119-73not60

§659 Enforcement Procedures

Title 29 › Chapter 15— OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH › § 659

Last updated Apr 5, 2026|Official source

Summary

After an inspection or investigation, the Secretary must mail the employer a certified notice of any citation and the penalty the Secretary plans to assess. The employer has fifteen working days from receipt to tell the Secretary it wants to contest the citation or penalty. If the employer does not contest and no employee or employee representative files a timely notice, the citation and penalty become a final order of the Commission and cannot be reviewed by any court or agency. If the Secretary thinks the employer did not fix a violation in the allowed time, the Secretary will mail a certified notice of that failure and the proposed penalty, and the employer again has fifteen working days to contest. If the employer contests, or an employee or representative files a timely complaint saying the time to fix the violation is unreasonable, the Secretary must tell the Commission right away and the Commission must hold a hearing. After the hearing, the Commission will issue an order that may confirm, change, cancel the citation or penalty, or give other relief. That order becomes final thirty days after it is issued. If an employer shows it tried in good faith to correct a problem but could not finish because of things beyond its control, the Secretary can, after a hearing, change the required correction. Employees or their representatives may take part as parties in these hearings.

Full Legal Text

Title 29, §659

Labor — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)If, after an inspection or investigation, the Secretary issues a citation under section 658(a) of this title, he shall, within a reasonable time after the termination of such inspection or investigation, notify the employer by certified mail of the penalty, if any, proposed to be assessed under section 666 of this title and that the employer has fifteen working days within which to notify the Secretary that he wishes to contest the citation or proposed assessment of penalty. If, within fifteen working days from the receipt of the notice issued by the Secretary the employer fails to notify the Secretary that he intends to contest the citation or proposed assessment of penalty, and no notice is filed by any employee or representative of employees under subsection (c) within such time, the citation and the assessment, as proposed, shall be deemed a final order of the Commission and not subject to review by any court or agency.
(b)If the Secretary has reason to believe that an employer has failed to correct a violation for which a citation has been issued within the period permitted for its correction (which period shall not begin to run until the entry of a final order by the Commission in the case of any review proceedings under this section initiated by the employer in good faith and not solely for delay or avoidance of penalties), the Secretary shall notify the employer by certified mail of such failure and of the penalty proposed to be assessed under section 666 of this title by reason of such failure, and that the employer has fifteen working days within which to notify the Secretary that he wishes to contest the Secretary’s notification or the proposed assessment of penalty. If, within fifteen working days from the receipt of notification issued by the Secretary, the employer fails to notify the Secretary that he intends to contest the notification or proposed assessment of penalty, the notification and assessment, as proposed, shall be deemed a final order of the Commission and not subject to review by any court or agency.
(c)If an employer notifies the Secretary that he intends to contest a citation issued under section 658(a) of this title or notification issued under subsection (a) or (b) of this section, or if, within fifteen working days of the issuance of a citation under section 658(a) of this title, any employee or representative of employees files a notice with the Secretary alleging that the period of time fixed in the citation for the abatement of the violation is unreasonable, the Secretary shall immediately advise the Commission of such notification, and the Commission shall afford an opportunity for a hearing (in accordance with section 554 of title 5 but without regard to subsection (a)(3) of such section). The Commission shall thereafter issue an order, based on findings of fact, affirming, modifying, or vacating the Secretary’s citation or proposed penalty, or directing other appropriate relief, and such order shall become final thirty days after its issuance. Upon a showing by an employer of a good faith effort to comply with the abatement requirements of a citation, and that abatement has not been completed because of factors beyond his reasonable control, the Secretary, after an opportunity for a hearing as provided in this subsection, shall issue an order affirming or modifying the abatement requirements in such citation. The rules of procedure prescribed by the Commission shall provide affected employees or representatives of affected employees an opportunity to participate as parties to hearings under this subsection.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

29 U.S.C. § 659

Title 29Labor

Last Updated

Apr 5, 2026

Release point: 119-73not60