Title 42, The Public Health and WelfareRelease 119-110

§7587 Vehicle Conversions

Title 42 › CHAPTER 85 — AIR POLLUTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL › SUBCHAPTER II — EMISSION STANDARDS FOR MOVING SOURCES › Part C — Clean Fuel Vehicles › § 7587

Last updated Sep 23, 2026|Official source

Summary

Fleets can meet clean‑vehicle requirements by converting existing or new gasoline or diesel vehicles into clean‑fuel vehicles, and a converted vehicle counts the same as buying a clean‑fuel vehicle. Fleets are not forced to convert or to buy converted vehicles. The EPA Administrator must write rules about conversions within 24 months after November 15, 1990. The rules must make sure converted vehicles meet the same clean‑fuel standards and generally follow the same enforcement and administration rules, though the Administrator may adjust rules for conversions. Anyone who converts vehicles is treated as a manufacturer for enforcement under sections 7525 and 7541, but only must give warranties required by this part. Conversions that follow the EPA rules are not treated as illegal tampering under section 7522(a)(3). The Secretary of Transportation must make any needed vehicle safety rules for conversions.

Full Legal Text

Title 42, §7587

The Public Health and Welfare, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Conversion of existing and new conventional vehicles to clean-fuel vehicles
The requirements of section 7586 of this title may be met through the conversion of existing or new gasoline or diesel-powered vehicles to clean-fuel vehicles which comply with the applicable requirements of that section. For purposes of such provisions the conversion of a vehicle to clean fuel vehicle shall be treated as the purchase of a clean fuel vehicle. Nothing in this part shall be construed to provide that any covered fleet operator subject to fleet vehicle purchase requirements under section 7586 of this title shall be required to convert existing or new gasoline or diesel-powered vehicles to clean-fuel vehicles or to purchase converted vehicles.
(b)Regulations
The Administrator shall, within 24 months after November 15, 1990, consistent with the requirements of this subchapter applicable to new vehicles, promulgate regulations governing conversions of conventional vehicles to clean-fuel vehicles. Such regulations shall establish criteria for such conversions which will ensure that a converted vehicle will comply with the standards applicable under this part to clean-fuel vehicles. Such regulations shall provide for the application to such conversions of the same provisions of this subchapter (including provisions relating to administration enforcement) as are applicable to standards under section 7582, 7583, 7584, and 7585 of this title, except that in the case of conversions the Administrator may modify the applicable regulations implementing such provisions as the Administrator deems necessary to implement this part.
(c)Enforcement
Any person who converts conventional vehicles to clean fuel 1 vehicles pursuant to subsection (b), shall be considered a manufacturer for purposes of section 7525 and 7541 of this title and related enforcement provisions. Nothing in the preceding sentence shall require a person who performs such conversions to warrant any part or operation of a vehicle other than as required under this part. Nothing in this paragraph shall limit the applicability of any other warranty to unrelated parts or operations.
(d)Tampering
The conversion from a vehicle capable of operating on gasoline or diesel fuel only to a clean-fuel vehicle shall not be considered a violation of section 7522(a)(3) of this title if such conversion complies with the regulations promulgated under subsection (b).
(e)Safety
The Secretary of Transportation shall, if necessary, promulgate rules under applicable motor vehicle laws regarding the safety of vehicles converted from existing and new vehicles to clean-fuel vehicles.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

42 U.S.C. § 7587

Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare

Last Updated

Sep 23, 2026

Release point: 119-110