Title 49, TransportationRelease 119-110

§33105 Cost Limitations

Title 49 › SUBTITLE VI — MOTOR VEHICLE AND DRIVER PROGRAMS › PART C — INFORMATION, STANDARDS, AND REQUIREMENTS › CHAPTER 331 — THEFT PREVENTION › § 33105

Last updated Sep 22, 2026|Official source

Summary

Sets caps on how much new standards can cost car and parts makers. For a motor vehicle maker, the extra cost to follow a standard cannot be more than $15 per vehicle. For a maker of major replacement parts, the cost per part cannot be more than a reasonable amount the Transportation Secretary sets, and that amount must be under $15. If a maker was already marking engines or transmissions on October 25, 1984, in a way that mostly met the rule, the cost of that marking does not count toward the cap, and the maker cannot be forced to change to a system that costs more than the one used on October 25, 1984. At the start of each calendar year, when Bureau of Labor Statistics data are ready, the Secretary of Labor must calculate the percent change between the Consumer Price Index (all items—United States city average) averaged for the past 12 months and the base year 1984. The Labor Secretary must tell the Transportation Secretary and publish the number in the Federal Register. For model years starting that calendar year, the dollar limits above are adjusted by that percent.

Full Legal Text

Title 49, §33105

Transportation, Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)Maximum Manufacturer Costs.—
A standard under section 33102 or 33103 of this title may not impose—
(1)on a manufacturer of motor vehicles, compliance costs of more than $15 a motor vehicle; or
(2)on a manufacturer of major replacement parts, compliance costs for each part of more than the reasonable amount (but less than $15) that the Secretary of Transportation specifies in the standard.
(b)Costs Involved in Engines and Transmissions.—
For a manufacturer engaged in identifying engines or transmissions on October 25, 1984, in a way that substantially complies with the standard—
(1)the costs of identifying engines and transmissions may not be considered in calculating the manufacturer’s costs under subsection (a) of this section; and
(2)the manufacturer may not be required under the standard to conform to any identification system for engines and transmissions that imposes greater costs on the manufacturer than are incurred under the identification system used by the manufacturer on October 25, 1984.
(c)Cost Adjustments.—
(1)In this subsection—
(A)“base period” means calendar year 1984.
(B)“price index” means the average over a calendar year of the Consumer Price Index (all items—United States city average) published monthly by the Secretary of Labor.
(2)At the beginning of each calendar year, as necessary data become available from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Secretary of Labor shall certify to the Secretary of Transportation and publish in the Federal Register the percentage difference between the price index for the 12 months before the beginning of the calendar year and the price index for the base period. For model years beginning in that calendar year, the amounts specified in subsection (a) of this section shall be adjusted by the percentage difference.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

Revised SectionSource (U.S. Code)Source (Statutes at Large) 3310515:2024.Oct. 20, 1972, Pub. L. 92–513, 86 Stat. 947, § 604; added Oct. 25, 1984, Pub. L. 98–547, § 101(a), 98 Stat. 2758. In subsection (a)(1) and (2), the words “compliance costs” are substituted for “costs . . . to comply with such standard” to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause (2), the words “reasonable amount (but less than $15)” are substituted for “reasonable lesser amount” for clarity. In subsection (c)(2), the words “commencing on or after January 1, 1985” are omitted as obsolete.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

49 U.S.C. § 33105

Title 49, Transportation

Last Updated

Sep 22, 2026

Release point: 119-110