Energy Security Pacts Act
Sponsored By: Senator Sen. Coons, Christopher A. [D-DE]
Introduced
Summary
This bill would create a new program of _Energy Security Pacts_ to fund multiyear partnerships with allied countries that boost reliable energy, secure critical mineral supply chains, and attract private investment while avoiding military aid, job losses, and major environmental harms.
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- Families and partner countries: Would aim to improve electricity reliability and affordability for U.S. and partner-country households and provide partner countries with multiyear financing, capacity-building grants, and tax-exempt assistance. Each Pact could last up to 10 years and the overall program expires 15 years after enactment.
- Businesses and investors: Would steer private capital and strengthen U.S. commercial competitiveness by enabling transfers of funds through development and export finance agencies such as the U.S. Trade and Development Agency, the International Development Finance Corporation, and the Export-Import Bank. Pacts must include a multiyear financial plan and describe other donors' participation.
- Federal agencies and oversight: Would create an Office of Energy Security Pacts led by a Director, an interagency Energy Security Pacts Council chaired by the Secretary of State, and requirements that the Office be established within 180 days. The Government Accountability Office must evaluate Pact projects starting within two years and annual reporting is required for up to five years.
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
6 provisions identified: 5 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.
Ban on hazardous or conflicted aid
If enacted, the bill would bar Pact assistance for projects that would likely cause a significant environmental, health, or safety hazard. Pact funds could not support projects that would cause substantial U.S. job losses or displace U.S. production. Military aid and training would be barred. Pact funds also could not go to an entity where a senior U.S. official or their immediate family has ownership or a top job.
New Pact office and staff rules
If enacted, the bill would require an Office of Energy Security Pacts to be set up within 180 days. The Secretary would appoint a Director who reports to the Under Secretary and leads Country Pact Teams. The Director could accept proposals, award grants that meet U.S. foreign assistance rules, and sign agency agreements. The Under Secretary would also send Congress a staffing and retention plan within 180 days that includes career tracks up to GS-15. The Pact office, Director, and Council would end after the final Pact finishes and new Pact authority would stop 15 years after enactment.
New Energy Security Pacts Program
If enacted, the Secretary of State would be able to make multiyear "Energy Security Pacts" with partner countries. Each Pact would last up to 10 years and must include goals, assigned duties, a constraints analysis, and numbers to measure progress. Each Pact would require a yearly multiyear financial plan that estimates contributions from U.S. agencies, the partner country, multilateral banks, and other finance institutions. Each Pact would require open procurement procedures and a clause that U.S. assistance under the Pact is tax-exempt in the partner country.
Pact funding, transfers, and safeguards
If enacted, the bill would let the Secretary use money authorized under the heading "National Security Investment Programs" starting in fiscal year 2026 to carry out Pacts. That money could be transferred to and merged with accounts at USTDA, MCC, DFC (several accounts), and EXIM. Transfers would require prior consultation with and notifications to House and Senate Appropriations and foreign-affairs committees. Pact funds could not be spent unless the Secretary follows the Foreign Aid Transparency and Accountability Act, and existing foreign assistance laws and eligibility rules would remain in force.
Congressional notices and yearly oversight
If enacted, the Director would have to give Congress the full Pact text and an in-person briefing at least 30 days before entering a Pact. Before increasing or extending Pact funds, the Secretary would have to send a written 15-day notification with justification and the amendment text. The Director would send annual status reports until five years after enactment. The Government Accountability Office would evaluate Pact projects within two years and then every year until the final Pact ends.
Which countries can join Pacts
If enacted, the bill would set rules for which countries can be Pact partners. Eligible countries include those under the World Bank loan threshold or eligible for IBRD/IDA graduation, or countries the Secretary or President calls strategically or commercially important. The Under Secretary must find the country able and committed to implement a Pact. Countries listed as a "foreign country of concern" could not join.
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Sponsors & CoSponsors
Sponsor
Sen. Coons, Christopher A. [D-DE]
DE • D
Cosponsors
Sen. Ricketts, Pete [R-NE]
NE • R
Sponsored 4/27/2026
John Hickenlooper
CO • D
Sponsored 5/14/2026
Sen. Curtis, John R. [R-UT]
UT • R
Sponsored 5/14/2026
Roll Call Votes
No roll call votes available for this bill.
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