Title 5Government Organization and EmployeesRelease 119-73

§6301 Definitions

Title 5 › Part PART III— - EMPLOYEES › Subpart Subpart E— - Attendance and Leave › Chapter CHAPTER 63— - LEAVE › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - ANNUAL AND SICK LEAVE › § 6301

Last updated Apr 6, 2026|Official source

Summary

Defines two words used later in this part of the law. "United States" means the several States and the District of Columbia. "Employee" covers the basic federal employee meaning in another law (section 2105) and a list of specific groups. It includes people first hired by the D.C. government before October 1, 1987, and others such as D.C. public school teachers and librarians; part‑time workers without a regular work schedule; temporary hourly construction workers; Panama Canal Commission staff on the Isthmus of Panama; certain Veterans Health Administration employees under a special leave system; employees of either House of Congress; employees of certain Farm Credit corporations when private interests appoint a board member; non‑U.S. citizens in jobs outside the United States (with an exception in section 6310); teachers as defined in education law; certain high‑paid or presidentially designated officers (excluding postmasters, U.S. attorneys, and U.S. marshals); chiefs of mission; and presidentially appointed officers in the legislative or judicial branches.

Full Legal Text

Title 5, §6301

Government Organization and Employees — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

For the purpose of this subchapter—
(1)“United States”, when used in a geographical sense means the several States and the District of Columbia; and
(2)“employee” means—
(A)an employee as defined by section 2105 of this title; and
(B)an individual first employed by the government of the District of Columbia before October 1, 1987;
(i)a teacher or librarian of the public schools of the District of Columbia;
(ii)a part-time employee who does not have an established regular tour of duty during the administrative workweek;
(iii)a temporary employee engaged in construction work at an hourly rate;
(iv)an employee of the Panama Canal Commission when employed on the Isthmus of Panama;
(v)an employee of the Veterans Health Administration who is covered by a leave system established under section 7421 of title 38;
(vi)an employee of either House of Congress or of the two Houses;
(vii)an employee of a corporation supervised by the Farm Credit Administration if private interests elect or appoint a member of the board of directors;
(viii)an alien employee who occupies a position outside the United States, except as provided by section 6310 of this title;
(ix)a “teacher” or an individual holding a “teaching position” as defined by section 901 of title 20;
(x)an officer in the executive branch or in the government of the District of Columbia who is appointed by the President and whose rate of basic pay exceeds the highest rate payable under section 5332 of this title;
(xi)an officer in the executive branch or in the government of the District of Columbia who is designated by the President, except a postmaster, United States attorney, or United States marshal;
(xii)a chief of mission (as defined in section 102(a)(3) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980); or
(xiii)an officer in the legislative or judicial branch who is appointed by the President.

Legislative History

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Historical and Revision Notes

DerivationU.S. CodeRevised Statutes andStatutes at Large (1)5 U.S.C. 2061(d).Sept. 6, 1960, Pub. L. 86–707, § 402(c), 74 Stat. 800. (2)5 U.S.C. 2061(a), (b), (c)(1) (less last sentence).Oct. 30, 1951, ch. 631, § 202, 65 Stat. 679.
July 2, 1953, ch. 178, § 1 “(c)(1) (less last sentence)”, 67 Stat. 136. Sept. 6, 1960, Pub. L. 86–707, § 402(a), 74 Stat. 800. Aug. 21, 1964, Pub. L. 88–471, § 6(a), 78 Stat. 583. 5 U.S.C. 2067.Aug. 21, 1964, Pub. L. 88–471, § 1, 78 Stat. 582. 5 U.S.C. 2358(a) (less applicability to the Federal Employees Pay Act of 1945, as amended).
July 17, 1959, Pub. L. 86–91, § 10(a) (less applicability to the Federal Employees Pay Act of 1945, as amended), 73 Stat. 217. In paragraph (1), the words “when used in a geographical sense” are added for clarity. In paragraph (2), the words “an employee as defined by section 2105 of this title” are coextensive with and substituted for “civilian officers and employees of the United States . . . including officers and employees of corporations wholly owned or controlled by the United States”. Specific reference to officers and members of the Metropolitan Police force of the District of Columbia, the Fire Department of the District of Columbia, the United States Park Police force, and the White House Police force, as set forth in former section 2067, is omitted as unnecessary in view of the provisions of paragraph (2)(A), (B). The exception for “commissioned officers of the Public Health Service” and “commissioned officers of the Coast and Geodetic Survey” in former section 2061(b)(1)(E), (F) is omitted as unnecessary since these officers are excluded by the definition of the word “employee” in section 2105. In paragraph (2)(ix), the words “as defined by section 901 of title 20” are added on authority of former section 2351, which section is scheduled for transfer to section 901 of title 20. Standard changes are made to conform with the definitions applicable and the style of this title as outlined in the preface to the report.

Editorial Notes

References in Text

section 102(a)(3) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in par. (2)(xii), was redesignated section 102(3) of that Act by Pub. L. 98–164, which struck out the designation “(a)” and struck out subsec. (b) of section 102. section 102 is classified to section 3902 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse. section 312 of the Foreign Service Act of 1980, referred to in text, is classified to section 3952 of Title 22.

Amendments

2021—Par. (2)(B)(v). Pub. L. 116–283 which directed the general amendment of cl. (v) without specifying the subpar., was executed by amending cl. (v) of subpar. (B) generally to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Prior to amendment, cl. (v) read as follows: “a physician, dentist, or nurse in the Veterans Health Administration of the Department of Veterans Affairs;”. 1991—Par. (2)(v). Pub. L. 102–54 substituted “Veterans Health Administration of the Department of Veterans Affairs” for “Department of Medicine and Surgery, Veterans’ Administration”. 1986—Par. (2)(B). Pub. L. 99–335 amended subpar. (B) generally, substituting “first employed” for “employed” and inserting “before October 1, 1987”. 1980—Pub. L. 96–465, § 2312(a), inserted provision at end of par. (2) extending definition of “employee” notwithstanding cls. (x) to (xii) of par. (2). Par. (2)(xii). Pub. L. 96–465, § 2314(f)(1), substituted “a chief of mission (as defined in section 102(a)(3) of the Foreign Service Act of 1980)” for “an officer who receives pay under section 866 of title 22”. 1979—Par. (2)(iv). Pub. L. 96–70 substituted “Panama Canal Commission” for “Canal Zone Government or the Panama Canal Company”. 1978—Par. (2)(xiii). Pub. L. 95–519 added cl. (xiii). 1970—Par. (2)(ii). Pub. L. 91–375 struck out “, except an hourly employee in the postal field service,” after “part-time employee”.

Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries

Effective Date

of 1986 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 99–335 effective Jan. 1, 1987, see section 702(a) of Pub. L. 99–335, set out as an

Effective Date

note under section 8401 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1980 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 96–465 effective Feb. 15, 1981, except as otherwise provided, see section 2403 of Pub. L. 96–465, set out as an

Effective Date

note under section 3901 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Effective Date

of 1979 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 96–70 effective Oct. 1, 1979, see section 3304 of Pub. L. 96–70, set out as an

Effective Date

note under section 3601 of Title 22, Foreign Relations and Intercourse.

Effective Date

of 1978 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 95–519 effective beginning on first day of first applicable pay period beginning on or after Oct. 25, 1978, see section 4(a) of Pub. L. 95–519, set out as a note under section 5551 of this title.

Effective Date

of 1970 AmendmentAmendment by Pub. L. 91–375 effective within 1 year after Aug. 12, 1970, on date established therefor by Board of Governors of United States Postal Service and published by it in Federal Register, see section 15(a) of Pub. L. 91–375, set out as an

Effective Date

note preceding section 101 of Title 39, Postal Service.

Short Title

of 1999 Amendment Pub. L. 106–56, § 1(a), Sept. 24, 1999, 113 Stat. 407, provided that: “This Act [amending section 6327 of this title and renumbering another section 6327 of this title as section 6328] may be cited as the ‘Organ Donor Leave Act’.”

Short Title

of 1994 Amendment Pub. L. 103–388, § 1, Oct. 22, 1994, 108 Stat. 4079, provided that: “This Act [amending section 6307 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Federal Employees Family Friendly Leave Act’.”

Short Title

of 1993 Amendment Pub. L. 103–103, § 1, Oct. 8, 1993, 107 Stat. 1022, provided that: “This Act [amending section 6331, 6337, 6361, 6362, and 6373 of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under section 6331 of this title, and repealing provisions set out as a note under section 6331 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Federal Employees Leave Sharing

Amendments

Act of 1993’.”

Short Title

of 1988 Amendment Pub. L. 100–566, § 1, Oct. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 2834, provided that: “This Act [enacting subchapters III and IV of this chapter, amending section 5724 and 8112 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 6331 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Federal Employees Leave Sharing Act of 1988’.” Emergency Federal Employee Leave Fund Pub. L. 117–2, title IV, § 4001, Mar. 11, 2021, 135 Stat. 77, provided that: “(a) Establishment; Appropriation.—There is established in the Treasury the Emergency Federal Employee Leave Fund (in this section referred to as the ‘Fund’), to be administered by the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, for the purposes set forth in subsection (b). In addition to amounts otherwise available, there is appropriated for fiscal year 2021, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $570,000,000, which shall be deposited into the Fund and remain available through
September 30, 2022. The Fund is available for reasonable expenses incurred by the Office of Personnel Management in administering this section. “(b) Purpose.—Amounts in the Fund shall be available for reimbursement to an agency for the use of paid leave under this section by any employee of the agency who is unable to work because the employee—“(1) is subject to a Federal, State, or local quarantine or isolation order related to COVID–19; “(2) has been advised by a health care provider to self-quarantine due to concerns related to COVID–19; “(3) is caring for an individual who is subject to such an order or has been so advised; “(4) is experiencing symptoms of COVID–19 and seeking a medical diagnosis; “(5) is caring for a son or daughter of such employee if the school or place of care of the son or daughter has been closed, if the school of such son or daughter requires or makes optional a virtual learning instruction model or requires or makes optional a hybrid of in-person and virtual learning instruction models, or the child care provider of such son or daughter is unavailable, due to COVID–19 precautions; “(6) is experiencing any other substantially similar condition; “(7) is caring for a family member with a mental or physical disability or who is 55 years of age or older and incapable of self-care, without regard to whether another individual other than the employee is available to care for such family member, if the place of care for such family member is closed or the direct care provider is unavailable due to COVID–19; or “(8) is obtaining immunization related to COVID–19 or is recovering from any injury, disability, illness, or condition related to such immunization. “(c) Limitations.—“(1) Period of availability.—Paid leave under this section may only be provided to and used by an employee during the period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act [Mar. 11, 2021] and ending on
September 30, 2021. “(2) Total hours; amount.—Paid leave under this section—“(A) shall be provided to an employee in an amount not to exceed 600 hours of paid leave for each full-time employee, and in the case of a part-time employee, employee on an uncommon tour of duty, or employee with a seasonal work schedule, in an amount not to exceed the proportional equivalent of 600 hours to the extent amounts in the Fund remain available for reimbursement; “(B) shall be paid at the same hourly rate as other leave payments; and “(C) may not be provided to an employee if the leave would result in payments greater than $2,800 in aggregate for any biweekly pay period for a full-time employee, or a proportionally equivalent biweekly limit for a part-time employee. “(3) Relationship to other leave.—Paid leave under this section—“(A) is in addition to any other leave provided to an employee; and “(B) may not be used by an employee concurrently with any other paid leave. “(4) Calculation of retirement benefit.—Any paid leave provided to an employee under this section shall reduce the total service used to calculate any Federal civilian retirement benefit. “(d) Employee Defined.—In this section, the term ‘employee’ means—“(1) an individual in the executive branch for whom annual and sick leave is provided under subchapter I of chapter 63 of title 5, United States Code; “(2) an individual employed by the United States Postal Service; “(3) an individual employed by the Postal Regulatory Commission; and “(4) an employee of the Public Defender Service for the District of Columbia and the District of Columbia Courts.” Employees of the District of Columbia Pub. L. 99–335, title II, § 207(c)(2), as added by Pub. L. 99–556, title II, § 201, Oct. 27, 1986, 100 Stat. 3135, provided that: “The amendment made by paragraph (1) [amending this section] shall not result in the coverage, under subchapter I of chapter 63 of title 5, United States Code, of any individual (or class of individuals) employed by the government of the District of Columbia who would not have been covered under such subchapter if such amendment had not been made.”

Executive Documents

Executive Order No. 10540 Ex. Ord. No. 10540, June 29, 1954, 19 F.R. 3983, which related to the designation of certain officers as exempt from the Annual and Sick Leave Act of 1951, was revoked by section 2–201 of Ex. Ord. No. 12107, Dec. 28, 1978, 44 F.R. 1055, set out as a note under section 1101 of this title.

Reference

Citations & Metadata

Citation

5 U.S.C. § 6301

Title 5Government Organization and Employees

Last Updated

Apr 6, 2026

Release point: 119-73