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119-s-3269119th Congress

Liquid Cooling for AI Act of 2025

Sponsored By: Senator McCormick, David [R-PA]

In Committee

Summary

Liquid cooling for AI data centers is the bill's main goal. It would direct the Government Accountability Office (GAO) to assess liquid cooling technologies for AI and high‑performance computing and would require the Department of Energy (DOE) to review the GAO findings and recommend R&D and heat‑reuse actions.

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  • Federal agencies and policymakers would get an independent technology assessment comparing liquid cooling approaches, research needs, and recommended industry standards to guide future federal deployments.
  • Energy planners and utilities would receive analysis of energy impacts and avoided costs. The bill cites data centers using 4.4% of U.S. electricity in 2023 and projects a range of 6.7% to 12.8% by 2028.
  • Data center operators and hardware makers would get comparisons of single‑phase, two‑phase, direct‑to‑chip, and immersion cooling across density bands, plus lifecycle cost and failure‑mode analysis.
  • Researchers, National Laboratories, and DOE would receive prioritized R&D recommendations and reference architectures to improve performance, safety, and heat‑reuse opportunities.

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Bill Overview

No Economic Impacts Identified for this Bill

Sponsors & CoSponsors

Sponsor

McCormick, David [R-PA]

PA • R

Cosponsors

  • Sen. Coons, Christopher A. [D-DE]

    DE • D

    Sponsored 11/20/2025

  • Sen. Budd, Ted [R-NC]

    NC • R

    Sponsored 11/20/2025

  • Sen. Schiff, Adam B. [D-CA]

    CA • D

    Sponsored 11/20/2025

Roll Call Votes

No roll call votes available for this bill.

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