VirginiaHB10052026 Regular SessionHouseWALLET

Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; rental payment methods, prohibited fees.

Sponsored By: Kathy K.L. Tran (Democratic)

Became Law

Summary

Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; rental payment methods; prohibited fees. Requires a landlord subject to the Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act to accept payment of periodic rent and any security deposit by check and money order. The bill additionally prohibits such a landlord from requiring a tenant to pay any fee to submit periodic rent payments or other amounts due in excess of the actual out-of-pocket expenses charged to the landlord by a third party to process a payment. Finally, the bill prohibits a landlord from requiring a tenant to pay any fee for the maintenance or repair of any dwelling unit unless the repair is necessitated by the tenant's violation of the Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act. This bill is identical to SB 313.

Your PRIA Score

Score Hidden

Personalized for You

How does this bill affect your finances?

Sign up for a PRIA Policy Scan to see your personalized alignment score for this bill and every other piece of legislation we track. We analyze your financial profile against policy provisions to show you exactly what matters to your wallet.

Free to start

Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

8 provisions identified: 7 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.

Bans unfair lease terms and fees

Leases cannot make you give up your rights or admit judgment, or make you pay the landlord’s attorney fees except as the law allows. They cannot require deposits or insurance over two months’ rent before move-in, or make you indemnify or excuse the landlord’s liability. Public housing cannot restrict lawful firearm possession unless federal law requires it. Any banned clause is unenforceable, and if a landlord tries to enforce it, you can recover actual damages and attorney fees. Landlords, including public housing authorities, cannot charge you for maintenance or repairs unless you caused the damage or broke the law.

Lease and rights documents required

Landlords must offer a written lease and give you the Department of Housing and Community Development’s tenant rights statement. You sign the acknowledgment; if you refuse, the landlord must note that it was provided. The landlord must deliver the signed lease and the rights statement within 10 business days after the lease starts. The landlord cannot file or pursue an eviction until you receive the rights statement. If you ask in writing, the landlord must give a written account of charges and payments within 10 business days, and one free hard copy of your lease each year or a free electronic copy.

No written lease? 12-month default

If your landlord does not offer a written lease, the law sets a 12-month term. Rent is due in 12 equal payments at the agreed amount or fair market rent. It is due on the first and late after the fifth day. The security deposit cannot be more than two months’ rent. You and the landlord can sign a written lease at any time during the 12 months.

60-day notice for rent hikes

Large landlords (more than four units or more than a 10% interest in more than four) must give you at least 60 days’ written notice before the term ends if they plan to raise rent for the next term. They must also give 60 days’ written notice if they will not renew. Some periodic tenancies are not covered.

Caps on late rent fees

A landlord cannot charge a late fee unless your written lease allows it. Any late fee is capped at the lesser of 10% of the periodic rent or 10% of what you still owe.

Consent for changes and quick subleases

Neither the landlord nor the tenant can change lease terms alone. Any change needs written consent and proper notice. If your lease requires approval for a sublease or assignment, the landlord must approve or deny within 10 business days after getting the written application on the landlord’s form. No answer in 10 business days counts as approval.

Rent payment methods and fee limits

Landlords must accept rent and security deposits by check or money order. If you pay by cash or money order and ask, they must give you a written receipt. They cannot charge a fee to take your payment unless they also offer a no-fee way to pay. Any card or electronic processing fee cannot be more than the landlord’s actual out-of-pocket cost. Small landlords with four or fewer units (or up to a 10% stake in four or fewer) do not have to accept cards.

Default weekly or monthly tenancy

If no written lease sets the period, your tenancy is week-to-week when you pay weekly. In other cases, it is month-to-month. This changes how much notice is needed to end the tenancy.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Kathy K.L. Tran

    Democratic • House

Cosponsors

There are no cosponsors for this bill.

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 276 • No: 220

Senate vote 3/14/2026

Conference report agreed to by Senate

Yes: 21 • No: 18

House vote 3/14/2026

Conference report agreed to by House

Yes: 62 • No: 35

Senate vote 3/12/2026

Senate insisted on substitute Block Vote

Yes: 40 • No: 0

House vote 3/11/2026

Senate substitute rejected by House

Yes: 0 • No: 98

Senate vote 3/10/2026

Passed Senate with substitute

Yes: 21 • No: 19

Senate vote 3/10/2026

General Laws and Technology Substitute agreed to

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote 3/6/2026

Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote 3/6/2026

Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading)

Yes: 39 • No: 0

Senate vote 3/4/2026

Reported from General Laws and Technology with substitute

Yes: 9 • No: 6

House vote 2/9/2026

Read third time and passed House

Yes: 62 • No: 35

House vote 2/3/2026

Reported from General Laws with amendment(s)

Yes: 15 • No: 6

House vote 1/29/2026

Subcommittee recommends reporting with amendment(s)

Yes: 7 • No: 3

Actions Timeline

  1. Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0722)

    4/13/2026Governor
  2. Approved by Governor-Chapter 722 (effective 7/1/2026)

    4/13/2026Governor
  3. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB1005)

    4/1/2026House
  4. Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026

    3/31/2026Governor
  5. Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 31, 2026

    3/31/2026House
  6. Signed by Speaker

    3/31/2026House
  7. Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB1005ER)

    3/30/2026House
  8. Enrolled

    3/30/2026House
  9. Signed by President

    3/30/2026Senate
  10. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB1005)

    3/17/2026House
  11. Conference report agreed to by Senate (21-Y 18-N 0-A)

    3/14/2026Senate
  12. Conference report agreed to by House (62-Y 35-N 0-A)

    3/14/2026House
  13. Conference Report released

    3/14/2026
  14. House Conferees: Tran, Hernandez, Wiley

    3/12/2026House
  15. Conferees appointed by House

    3/12/2026House
  16. House acceded to request

    3/12/2026House
  17. Senate insisted on substitute Block Vote (40-Y 0-N 0-A)

    3/12/2026Senate
  18. Conferees appointed by Senate

    3/12/2026Senate
  19. Senate Conferees: Bennett-Parker, VanValkenburg, French

    3/12/2026Senate
  20. Senate requested conference committee

    3/12/2026Senate
  21. Senate substitute rejected by House (0-Y 98-N 0-A)

    3/11/2026House
  22. Passed Senate with substitute (21-Y 19-N 0-A)

    3/10/2026Senate
  23. General Laws and Technology Substitute agreed to

    3/10/2026Senate
  24. Engrossed by Senate - committee substitute

    3/10/2026Senate
  25. Read third time

    3/10/2026Senate

Bill Text

Related Bills

Back to State Legislation