All Roll Calls
Yes: 224 • No: 97
Sponsored By: Marcus B. Simon (Democratic)
Became Law
Limitations on enforcement of judgments; docketing of general district court judgments in the circuit court. Provides that, for judgments entered in the general district court on or after July 1, 2026, where enforcement of such judgments is sought by a debt buyer, the docketing of an abstract of such judgment in the circuit court shall not effect the 10-year limitation period to enforce such judgment. Under current law, such docketing allows a general district court judgment to be treated as a judgment entered by the circuit court and may be extended in the same manner as a judgment entered by the circuit court.
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4 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 0 costs, 4 mixed.
Judgments dated, extended, or renewed before July 1, 2021 stay enforceable for 20 years from the latest entry, domestication, extension, or renewal. Judgments dated on or after July 1, 2021 are enforceable for 10 years; child support judgments keep a 20‑year period. A creditor can file a certificate before the deadline to add 10 years from filing, and may do this one more time. For claims against a decedent’s personal representative, the motion must be within 2 years of qualification, the extension lasts 2 years, and only one is allowed. Any period when execution is legally suspended does not count toward the time limit.
General district court civil judgments stay in force for 10 years unless paid, and the court keeps the case documents 10 years. If a general district court judgment was entered before July 1, 2026 and its abstract is docketed in circuit court, it is treated like a circuit judgment and can use circuit‑court extension rules; the original entry date still controls. For judgments entered on or after July 1, 2026, a debt buyer has only 10 years to enforce, even if the abstract is docketed in circuit court. If you cannot find the creditor, you may pay the circuit court fees and docket the case there to seek discharge before the time limit ends. After the § 16.1‑94.1 period expires, the general district court may still issue executions if a circuit court abstract is filed in that court.
If a debtor sold land for value, a creditor must sue within five years of the deed’s recordation and record a lis pendens before that five‑year deadline. If the right to execute or sue is already time‑barred, the suit cannot proceed. The law preserves subrogation rights, but you must start within five years after the right accrues. A judgment lien is not harmed by another judgment on the same claim or by a bond that acts like a judgment.
Courts keep dockets and indices for criminal, traffic, and civil cases for 10 years. Misdemeanor and traffic records are kept 10 years, 20 years for certain listed offenses, and 50 years for a specified list; appealed records go to circuit court. Dismissed civil cases are kept until the Commonwealth’s audit ends; cases with no service may be destroyed 24 months after the last return date. A chief judge may allow destroying paper files after archival‑quality microfilm or electronic conversion; some misdemeanor records are excluded.
Marcus B. Simon
Democratic • House
There are no cosponsors for this bill.
All Roll Calls
Yes: 224 • No: 97
House vote • 3/12/2026
Senate amendments agreed to by House
Yes: 67 • No: 30
Senate vote • 3/11/2026
Passed Senate with amendments
Yes: 21 • No: 19
Senate vote • 3/11/2026
Courts of Justice Amendments agreed to
Yes: 0 • No: 0
Senate vote • 3/10/2026
Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading)
Yes: 40 • No: 0
Senate vote • 3/10/2026
Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)
Yes: 0 • No: 0
Senate vote • 3/9/2026
Reported from Courts of Justice with amendments
Yes: 9 • No: 6
House vote • 2/17/2026
Read third time and passed House
Yes: 63 • No: 34
House vote • 2/11/2026
Reported from Courts of Justice
Yes: 16 • No: 6
House vote • 2/4/2026
Subcommittee recommends reporting
Yes: 8 • No: 2
Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0848)
Approved by Governor-Chapter 848 (effective 7/1/2026)
Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB1426)
Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026
Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 31, 2026
Signed by Speaker
Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB1426ER)
Enrolled
Signed by President
Senate amendments agreed to by House (67-Y 30-N 0-A)
Passed Senate with amendments (21-Y 19-N 0-A)
Courts of Justice Amendments agreed to
Engrossed by Senate as amended
Read third time
Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)
Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading) (40-Y 0-N 0-A)
Rules suspended
Reported from Courts of Justice with amendments (9-Y 6-N)
Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice
Constitutional reading dispensed (on 1st reading)
Read third time and passed House (63-Y 34-N 0-A)
Read second time and engrossed
Read first time
Reported from Courts of Justice (16-Y 6-N)
Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB1426)
Chaptered
4/13/2026
Enrolled
3/30/2026
Amendment
3/11/2026
Amendment
3/10/2026
Introduced
1/22/2026
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