VirginiaHB14412026 Regular SessionHouse

Law-enforcement agencies; agreements with federal authority for immigration enforcement.

Sponsored By: Alfonso H. Lopez (Democratic)

Became Law

Summary

Law-enforcement agencies; agreements with federal authority for immigration enforcement; requirements. Prohibits any state or local law-enforcement agency, defined in the bill, from maintaining, renewing, or entering into any federal immigration agreement unless such agreement contains certain provisions. The bill also prohibits any person acting in his capacity as a law-enforcement officer to assist, cooperate with, or use any law-enforcement resources to facilitate any operation that seeks to identify, arrest, or otherwise impose a penalty upon an individual for any violation of federal civil immigration law. The bill provides that such prohibition shall not apply (i) if the authority to enforce such laws is otherwise permitted or required by law; (ii) if the person acting in his capacity as a law-enforcement officer is presented with a valid judicial warrant or judicial subpoena that authorizes such enforcement; or (iii) to the transfer of custody of an adult convicted of certain violent felonies from a state, local, or regional correctional facility upon such correctional facility's receipt of a federal immigration detainer. This bill incorporates HB 1438 and is identical to SB 783.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

5 provisions identified: 4 benefits, 1 costs, 0 mixed.

Tight rules for ICE under agreements

Any Virginia agency that signs an immigration agreement with ICE must set strict rules. ICE must give the names and ranks of agents at least 7 days before any operation. Agents must follow Virginia law and state arrest and detention rules, be clearly marked as ICE, and may not display the word "police." ICE may not enter a home without a judicial warrant, and may not act on school, faith-based, or courthouse property. ICE also may not do immigration enforcement within 500 yards of polling places when polls are open, including one hour before opening and after closing. ICE cannot make blanket data requests or ask localities for immigration or citizenship status without a judicial warrant or subpoena. ICE may not use surveillance tech like face recognition, license-plate readers, phone surveillance, hacking tools, or drones, except for people not lawfully present who were convicted of certain listed crimes. ICE and its agents consent to Virginia court jurisdiction, and any on-duty shooting is investigated by Virginia State Police and prosecuted by Virginia authorities.

Noncompliant ICE agreements are void

Agencies with an ICE agreement in effect on July 1, 2026 must get a new written agreement by September 1, 2026 that meets these rules. Any immigration enforcement agreement that violates this law is void and not enforceable in Virginia.

State lawyers can enforce these limits

The Virginia Attorney General, local prosecutors, and city or county attorneys can go to court to enforce this law. They can seek court orders and recover reasonable attorney fees and costs if they win.

Virginia police limit ICE help

Virginia law-enforcement officers cannot help ICE enforce civil immigration law unless ICE shows a judicial warrant or subpoena. Officers may still work on state or federal criminal investigations, including joint task forces.

Jails may honor ICE detainers

The law still allows the state corrections director, sheriffs, or jail superintendents to transfer an adult to ICE on a detainer when § 53.1-220.2 authorizes it.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Alfonso H. Lopez

    Democratic • House

Cosponsors

There are no cosponsors for this bill.

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 418 • No: 304

Senate vote 4/22/2026

Senate concurred in Governor's recommendation

Yes: 21 • No: 18

House vote 4/22/2026

House concurred in Governor's recommendation

Yes: 64 • No: 36

Senate vote 3/14/2026

Conference report agreed to by Senate

Yes: 21 • No: 18

House vote 3/14/2026

Conference report agreed to by House

Yes: 62 • No: 34

Senate vote 3/6/2026

Senate insisted on amendments Block Vote

Yes: 40 • No: 0

House vote 3/4/2026

Senate substitute rejected by House

Yes: 0 • No: 95

Senate vote 3/2/2026

Courts of Justice Substitute agreed to

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote 3/2/2026

Passed Senate with substitute

Yes: 21 • No: 19

Senate vote 2/27/2026

Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading)

Yes: 37 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/27/2026

Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/25/2026

Reported from Courts of Justice with substitute

Yes: 9 • No: 6

House vote 2/12/2026

Passed House

Yes: 63 • No: 35

House vote 2/12/2026

Read third time and passed House

Yes: 61 • No: 35

House vote 2/6/2026

Reported from Public Safety with substitute

Yes: 15 • No: 7

House vote 2/6/2026

Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute

Yes: 4 • No: 1

Actions Timeline

  1. Senate concurred in Governor's recommendation (21-Y 18-N 0-A)

    4/22/2026Senate
  2. House concurred in Governor's recommendation (64-Y 36-N 0-A)

    4/22/2026House
  3. Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP1098)

    4/22/2026Governor
  4. Reenrolled bill text (HB1441ER2)

    4/22/2026House
  5. Reenrolled

    4/22/2026House
  6. Approved by Governor-Chapter 1098 (effective 7/1/2026)

    4/22/2026Governor
  7. Signed by President

    4/22/2026Senate
  8. Signed by Speaker

    4/22/2026House
  9. Governor's recommendation adopted

    4/22/2026Governor
  10. Governor's recommendation received by House

    4/11/2026Governor
  11. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB1441)

    4/1/2026House
  12. Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026

    3/31/2026Governor
  13. Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 31, 2026

    3/31/2026House
  14. Signed by Speaker

    3/31/2026House
  15. Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB1441ER)

    3/30/2026House
  16. Enrolled

    3/30/2026House
  17. Signed by President

    3/30/2026Senate
  18. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB1441)

    3/23/2026House
  19. Conference report agreed to by Senate (21-Y 18-N 0-A)

    3/14/2026Senate
  20. Conference report agreed to by House (62-Y 34-N 0-A)

    3/14/2026House
  21. Conference Report released

    3/14/2026
  22. Conference Report released

    3/14/2026
  23. House Conferees: Lopez, Simon, O'Quinn

    3/10/2026House
  24. Conferees appointed by House

    3/10/2026House
  25. Conferees appointed by Senate

    3/10/2026Senate

Bill Text

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