VirginiaHB2752026 Regular SessionHouseWALLET

Employment prohibition exceptions; apprenticeship program for children 16 years of age or older.

Sponsored By: Sam Rasoul (Democratic)

Became Law

Summary

Employment prohibition exceptions; apprenticeships; children 16 years of age or older. Permits a child 16 years of age or older to serve in an apprenticeship program or other work-based learning experience related to culinary arts or information technology, provided that (i) the child is continuously enrolled in an accredited secondary school, (ii) the child is a registered apprentice, (iii) the child is employed in a work-training program administered under the Board of Education, and (iv) the work being performed is not in violation of federal or state laws. This bill is identical to SB 10.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

9 provisions identified: 6 benefits, 0 costs, 3 mixed.

No dangerous jobs for minors under 18

The law bars anyone under 18 from high‑risk work. This includes mines, explosive plants, and areas with radiation or X‑ray equipment. They may not run or clean power machines like saws, grinders, metal, bakery, paper, or woodworking machines. No work in excavation, roofing, demolition, logging, sawmills, shipbreaking, or slaughter and meatpacking. Making paints or white lead, and jobs where alcohol is made or served on‑site, are off‑limits, with narrow licensed exceptions. State or federal labor officials can add more banned jobs.

Under‑16 face strict job limits

Children under 16 face strict job limits. They cannot work in factories, canneries, elevators, dance studios, warehouses, laundries, funeral homes, curb‑service restaurants, hotel room service, brick/coal/lumber yards, ice plants, or as theater ushers. They also cannot work in construction trades, scaffolding, outdoor theaters, carnivals, pool halls or clubs, or as beach lifeguards. Ages 14 and 15 may do real office clerical work in the office rooms of those places. Under‑16 work is allowed only when it is part of an approved school work‑training program.

16+ can work in salons and barbershops

If you are 16 or older, you may work in a licensed barbershop or salon. You must be a registered apprentice, be in a Board of Education work‑training program under § 40.1‑89, or already hold a barber or cosmetology license.

Culinary and IT apprenticeships for 16+

If you are 16 or older and enrolled in an accredited high school, you may do work‑based learning in culinary arts or information technology. Each semester, a school counselor or administrator must provide a letter saying you are on track to graduate on time. You must be a registered apprentice under state or federal rules, or be in the § 40.1‑89 work‑training program. Your work must follow the federal Fair Labor Standards Act and Virginia safety rules for minors.

More job options for 16+ apprentices

If you are 16 or older and are a registered apprentice, you may work in any occupation that federal law and the Commissioner’s rules allow. Your work must follow the federal Fair Labor Standards Act and the Commissioner’s safety rules.

More safe jobs for ages 14–15

Children 14 and older may work in certain lower‑risk service jobs. Allowed jobs include branch dry cleaners with no on‑site processing, hospital kitchen or room cleaning, bowling alleys with automatic pinsetters (but not on the machines), and food service in restaurants and hotels. They may also work as gatekeepers and concessions at pools, and at beach concessions handling chairs, umbrellas, and floats.

Teens on farms can help with trucks

If you are 16 or older and work on a farm, garden, or orchard, you may operate or help operate a truck or farm vehicle. You may not operate a tractor‑trailer. If you are 14 or older, you may serve as a helper on a truck or commercial vehicle, but only on the farm, garden, or orchard.

16‑year‑olds can volunteer as firefighters

If you are 16 or older, you may take part in all activities of a volunteer fire company. You cannot enter a burning building until you earn NFPA 1001 Level 1 firefighter certification. You may enter burning structures during training needed to get that certification.

Limited on‑the‑job driving at 17

Seventeen‑year‑olds may drive for work under strict limits. The vehicle must weigh 6,000 pounds or less and have seat belts that the employer requires you to use. Driving is in daylight only, within 30 miles of work, and only occasional and incidental (no more than one third of a day and 20% of a week). You must have a valid license with no moving violations at hire and complete a state driver education course. No towing, route deliveries or sales, transport for hire, urgent deliveries, or carrying more than three passengers. No more than two trips away from the main work site per day for goods or for non‑employee passengers.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Sam Rasoul

    Democratic • House

Cosponsors

There are no cosponsors for this bill.

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 317 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/26/2026

Passed Senate with substitute Block Vote

Yes: 40 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/25/2026

Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading)

Yes: 40 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/25/2026

Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/23/2026

Reported from Commerce and Labor

Yes: 15 • No: 0

House vote 2/16/2026

Passed House Block Vote

Yes: 97 • No: 0

House vote 2/16/2026

Read third time and passed House Block Vote

Yes: 96 • No: 0

House vote 2/10/2026

Reported from Labor and Commerce with substitute

Yes: 22 • No: 0

House vote 2/5/2026

Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute

Yes: 7 • No: 0

Actions Timeline

  1. Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0098)

    4/6/2026Governor
  2. Approved by Governor-Chapter 98 (effective 7/1/2026)

    4/6/2026Governor
  3. Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026

    3/10/2026Governor
  4. Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 10, 2026

    3/10/2026House
  5. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB275)

    3/3/2026House
  6. Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB275ER)

    3/3/2026House
  7. Enrolled

    3/3/2026House
  8. Signed by President

    3/3/2026Senate
  9. Signed by Speaker

    3/3/2026House
  10. Passed Senate with substitute Block Vote

    2/26/2026Senate
  11. Read third time

    2/26/2026Senate
  12. Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

    2/25/2026Senate
  13. Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading) (40-Y 0-N 0-A)

    2/25/2026Senate
  14. Rules suspended

    2/25/2026Senate
  15. Reported from Commerce and Labor (15-Y 0-N)

    2/23/2026Senate
  16. Referred to Committee on Commerce and Labor

    2/17/2026Senate
  17. Constitutional reading dispensed (on 1st reading)

    2/17/2026Senate
  18. Passed House Block Vote (97-Y 0-N 0-A)

    2/16/2026House
  19. Reconsideration of passage agreed to by House

    2/16/2026House
  20. Read third time and passed House Block Vote (96-Y 0-N 0-A)

    2/16/2026House
  21. Engrossed by House - committee substitute

    2/13/2026House
  22. committee substitute agreed to

    2/13/2026House
  23. Read second time

    2/13/2026House
  24. Read first time

    2/12/2026House
  25. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB275)

    2/12/2026House

Bill Text

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