VirginiaSB1762026 Regular SessionSenate

Elections; ranked choice voting, locally elected offices, report.

Sponsored By: Schuyler T. VanValkenburg (Democratic)

Signed by Governor

Summary

Elections; conduct of election; ranked choice voting; locally elected offices; report. Expands the option to use ranked choice voting from only elections for county board of supervisors and city councils to any local governing body. The bill requires the State Board of Elections to provide standards and to approve vote tabulating software for use with existing voting systems in elections conducted by ranked choice voting. The bill provides for copying damaged or defective ballots that cannot be properly counted by electronic voting systems. The bill allows localities to request risk-limiting audits of elections conducted using ranked choice voting and provides that no such election may be included in any random drawing required to satisfy the general requirements for risk-limiting audits. The bill specifies that the State Board is required to produce generalized voter education materials on ranked choice voting and is also permitted to create and modify recount procedures to the extent necessary to accommodate a recount of an election. The bill directs the Department of Elections to review the testing and approval framework for voting equipment in the Commonwealth and submit a report of such review no later than the first day of the 2027 Regular Session of the General Assembly. Finally, the bill repeals the 2031 expiration of the option to use ranked choice voting in elections, making such option permanent. This bill is identical to HB 630.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

3 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 1 costs, 0 mixed.

Statewide rules for counting ranked choice votes

The State Board must set ranked choice rules for ballots, round-by-round counting and reporting, and choosing one or multiple winners. It must set software standards; manufacturers can apply for review, and participating localities must use Board-approved software. Final counting takes place at the electoral-board meeting. A bipartisan team must replace damaged or defective machine-readable ballots with true copies, using matching identifiers to link the originals and copies. The Department of Elections must publish each candidate’s vote total and percentage for each round, including withdrawn candidates, where feasible while protecting privacy. It may publish ranking data election by election, and the Board may provide voter education and help localities prepare materials. Local electoral boards may request risk-limiting audits, but ranked choice elections are excluded from required random audit drawings. The Board may adapt recount procedures; any risk-limiting audit within a recount checks only first rankings reported by voting systems. These ranked choice provisions expire July 1, 2031. Separately, the Department must review voting-equipment testing and approval, including covered equipment, emerging technology, separate purchase and operation, officials’ roles, existing testing frameworks, and objective performance tests. Its report and executive summary are due to the legislative automation division and State Board by the first day of the 2027 Regular Session. They must appear on the General Assembly and State Board websites.

Virginia localities can choose ranked choice voting

Virginia allows ranked choice voting for county boards of supervisors and city and town councils; these provisions expire July 1, 2031. Voters rank candidates, and votes transfer to next choices over counting rounds until all seats are filled. Adoption requires a governing-body majority vote after consulting the local electoral board and general registrar; no locality must adopt it. The decision must go to the State Board of Elections, which must assess technical feasibility within 10 days of receipt. If implementation is not feasible, the Board must explain the steps needed to proceed.

Towns can face extra election costs

A county board of supervisors may require a town to repay extra costs of ranked choice town council elections. This applies when a majority of the town council votes to use ranked choice voting. Repayment covers only costs the county does not otherwise incur. This authority expires July 1, 2031. The law sets no household charge or tax amount.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Schuyler T. VanValkenburg

    Democratic • Senate

Cosponsors

There are no cosponsors for this bill.

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 234 • No: 115

Senate vote • 4/22/2026

Senate concurred in Governor's recommendation

Yes: 21 • No: 18

House vote • 4/22/2026

House concurred in Governor's recommendation

Yes: 65 • No: 33

House vote • 2/25/2026

Passed House

Yes: 64 • No: 34

House vote • 2/20/2026

Reported from Privileges and Elections

Yes: 15 • No: 6

Senate vote • 2/2/2026

Read third time and passed Senate

Yes: 21 • No: 19

Senate vote • 1/30/2026

Engrossed by Senate (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote • 1/29/2026

Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading)

Yes: 40 • No: 0

Senate vote • 1/29/2026

Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote • 1/27/2026

Reported from Privileges and Elections

Yes: 8 • No: 5 • Other: 1

Actions Timeline

  1. House concurred in Governor's recommendation (65-Y 33-N 0-A)

    4/22/2026House
  2. Senate concurred in Governor's recommendation (21-Y 18-N 0-A)

    4/22/2026Senate
  3. Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0993)

    4/22/2026Governor
  4. Reenrolled bill text (SB176ER2)

    4/22/2026Senate
  5. Reenrolled

    4/22/2026Senate
  6. Approved by Governor-Chapter 993 (effective 7/1/2026)

    4/22/2026Governor
  7. Signed by President

    4/22/2026Senate
  8. Signed by Speaker

    4/22/2026House
  9. Governor's recommendation adopted

    4/22/2026Governor
  10. Governor's recommendation received by Senate

    4/11/2026Governor
  11. Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026

    3/10/2026Governor
  12. Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 10, 2026

    3/10/2026Senate
  13. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB176)

    2/27/2026Senate
  14. Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB176ER)

    2/27/2026Senate
  15. Enrolled

    2/27/2026Senate
  16. Signed by President

    2/27/2026Senate
  17. Signed by Speaker

    2/27/2026House
  18. Passed House (64-Y 34-N 0-A)

    2/25/2026House
  19. Read third time

    2/25/2026House
  20. Read second time

    2/24/2026House
  21. Reported from Privileges and Elections (15-Y 6-N)

    2/20/2026House
  22. Referred to Committee on Privileges and Elections

    2/5/2026House
  23. Read first time

    2/5/2026House
  24. Placed on Calendar

    2/5/2026House
  25. Read third time and passed Senate (21-Y 19-N 0-A)

    2/2/2026Senate

Bill Text

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