All Roll Calls
Yes: 273 • No: 166
Sponsored By: Adam P. Ebbin (Democratic)
Became Law
Manufacture, importation, sale, transfer, or possession of plastic firearms and unfinished frames or receivers and unserialized firearms prohibited; penalties. Creates a Class 5 felony for any person who knowingly manufactures or assembles, imports, purchases, sells, transfers, or possesses any firearm that, after removal of all parts other than a major component, as defined in the bill, is not detectable as a firearm when subjected to inspection by the types of detection devices, including X-ray machines, commonly used at airports, government buildings, schools, correctional facilities, and other locations for security screening. The bill updates language regarding the types of detection devices that are used at such locations for detecting plastic firearms. Under current law, it is unlawful to manufacture, import, sell, transfer, or possess any plastic firearm and a violation is punishable as a Class 5 felony.The bill also creates a Class 1 misdemeanor, which is punishable as a Class 4 felony for a second or subsequent offense, for any person to knowingly possess a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver that is not imprinted with a valid serial number or to knowingly import, purchase, sell, offer for sale, or transfer ownership of any completed or unfinished frame or receiver, unless the completed or unfinished frame or receiver (i) is deemed to be a firearm pursuant to federal law and (ii) is imprinted with a valid serial number. The bill also creates a Class 1 misdemeanor, which is punishable as a Class 4 felony for a second or subsequent offense, for any person to manufacture or assemble, cause to be manufactured or assembled, import, purchase, sell, offer for sale, or transfer ownership of any firearm that is not imprinted with a valid serial number. The provisions of the bill prohibiting unfinished frames or receivers and unserialized firearms have a delayed effective date of January 1, 2027; however, the provisions of the bill prohibiting the knowing possession of a firearm or any completed or unfinished frame or receiver that is not imprinted with a valid serial number have a delayed effective date of July 1, 2027. This bill is identical to HB 40.
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2 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 2 costs, 0 mixed.
The law makes it illegal to make, import, buy, sell, transfer, or possess a plastic firearm. It also bans any gun that common security screening cannot detect after you remove non‑major parts.
From January 1, 2027, unserialized firearms, frames, and receivers cannot be made, imported, bought, sold, or transferred. Licensed dealers who add serial numbers must use a code tied to their federal license and keep transfer records. People without a federal gun‑making license cannot sell or transfer guns they made. First violations are Class 1 misdemeanors; later violations are Class 4 felonies. From July 1, 2027, you also cannot possess any unserialized gun, frame, or receiver. Exceptions include antique or pre‑1968 guns, law enforcement, the military, federal licensees, carriers, and government buybacks. New residents have 90 days to comply or remove the gun; some sport‑shooting visitors are exempt while needed.
Adam P. Ebbin
Democratic • Senate
There are no cosponsors for this bill.
All Roll Calls
Yes: 273 • No: 166
Senate vote • 3/14/2026
Conference report agreed to by Senate
Yes: 21 • No: 18
House vote • 3/14/2026
Conference report agreed to by House
Yes: 62 • No: 35
Senate vote • 2/23/2026
Senate acceded to request
Yes: 35 • No: 3
Senate vote • 2/18/2026
House substitute rejected by Senate
Yes: 0 • No: 39
House vote • 2/16/2026
Passed House with substitute
Yes: 62 • No: 35
House vote • 2/13/2026
Reported from Public Safety with substitute
Yes: 13 • No: 7
Senate vote • 2/9/2026
Read third time and passed Senate
Yes: 21 • No: 19
Senate vote • 2/6/2026
Engrossed by Senate (Voice Vote)
Yes: 0 • No: 0
Senate vote • 2/5/2026
Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)
Yes: 0 • No: 0
Senate vote • 2/5/2026
Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading)
Yes: 40 • No: 0
Senate vote • 2/4/2026
Reported from Finance and Appropriations
Yes: 10 • No: 5
Senate vote • 1/26/2026
Reported from Courts of Justice and rereferred to Finance and Appropriations
Yes: 9 • No: 5
Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0532)
Approved by Governor-Chapter532 (Effective -see bill)
Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB323)
Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026
Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 31, 2026
Signed by Speaker
Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB323ER)
Enrolled
Signed by President
Conference report agreed to by Senate (21-Y 18-N 0-A)
Conference report agreed to by House (62-Y 35-N 0-A)
Conference Report released
House Conferees: Simon, McPike, Phillips
Conferees appointed by House
Senate acceded to request (35-Y 3-N 0-A)
Senate Conferees: Surovell, Jones, Obenshain
Conferees appointed by Senate
House requested conference committee
House insisted on substitute
House substitute rejected by Senate
Fiscal Impact statement From VCSC (2/17/2026 9:51 am)
Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB323)
Passed House with substitute (62-Y 35-N 0-A)
Engrossed by House - committee substitute
committee substitute agreed to
Chaptered
4/10/2026
Enrolled
3/30/2026
Conference Report
3/14/2026
Substitute
2/13/2026
Introduced
1/13/2026
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