All Roll Calls
Yes: 228 • No: 35
Sponsored By: Richard H. Stuart (Republican)
Signed by Governor
Owners of sewage treatment works; land application, marketing, or distribution of sewage sludge; perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances; testing requirements. Directs any owner of a sewage treatment works land applying, marketing, or distributing sewage sludge in the Commonwealth, beginning January 1, 2027, to collect representative samples of the sewage sludge intended to be land applied, marketed, or distributed and have such samples analyzed by an accredited laboratory for perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The bill mandates certain outcomes for the land application of such sewage sludge depending on the concentration of PFAS in such sewage sludge. The bill directs the Department of Environmental Quality to modify all Virginia Pollution Abatement permits for the land application of sewage sludge and Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permits for sewage treatment works that include sewage sludge prepared for land application, marketing, or distribution as soon as practicable. The bill requires the Department to utilize the PFAS Expert Advisory Committee (PEAC) or convene a work group to study and recommend approaches to reduce the occurrence of PFAS in sewage sludge intended for land application within the Commonwealth. The Department is required to report the recommendations of the PEAC or work group to the Governor and the Chairs of the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources and the House Committee on Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources by November 1, 2027. This bill is identical to HB 1443.
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11 provisions identified: 1 benefits, 1 costs, 9 mixed.
Beginning July 2, 2027, limits apply to either PFOS or PFOA; beginning July 2, 2029, they apply to the combined amount. A rolling 12-month average of at least 50 micrograms per kilogram bars land application, marketing, and distribution. Owners must arrange alternative treatment, use, or disposal until the average falls below 50. At 25 to under 50, application is capped at 3 dry tons per acre unless an alternative risk strategy is approved at least two weeks ahead. Those reduced-rate requirements continue until the average falls below 25; application can never exceed the nutrient-plan rate. Any single result above 75 requires prompt retesting; a second result above 75 requires alternative treatment, use, or disposal until a later result is below 50. Below 25, sludge remains usable under its permit without these added limits. Landowners must receive readable concentrations and other required test results at least two weeks before application. Blended sludge is assessed using a mass-balance calculation, which accounts for amounts from each source, without further testing.
Sewage treatment owners need a valid state water permit to apply, market, or distribute sludge. Sludge handlers also need a current permit covering their activities, locations, and terms before contracting for this work. Applications must include the landowner’s written consent. Sludge must meet treatment standards before delivery, and its composition cannot change at an approved site except by adding lime or deodorants. The law bans land disposal of both lime-treated and untreated septage.
Sludge land-application permit applicants and holders must provide written proof of financial responsibility. Funds must be available for cleanup, personal-injury claims, and property damage from transportation, storage, or application. The State Water Control Board sets acceptable financial arrangements by regulation. The law does not state a required coverage amount.
Virginia must set sludge rules covering treatment, suitable sites, storage, sampling, records, complaints, and public input. Certified planners must prepare site-specific nutrient plans before application; higher-risk sites need conservation-agency approval before permit issuance. Health and conservation agencies have 30 days to comment, and the permitting agency must fully consider their written recommendations. Site rules can cover buffers, travel routes, slopes, sludge sources, handling methods, and application hours. The agency must explain added conditions, include written local recommendations, and give applicants at least 14 days to respond. Sludge may have to be worked into cropland soil when practical and compatible with a qualifying soil-conservation plan. The state must set wider-buffer rules for hay, pasture, forestland, and unsuitable cropland; permits may require these buffers to protect odor-sensitive neighbors. Acreage increases of 50 percent or more over the initial permit trigger new-application public notice and hearing rules. Permit holders must report complaints to the state and locality; localities receiving complaints must notify the state and permit holder.
Permit holders must notify local officials at least 100 days before sludge application and the state at least 14 days ahead. Both notices must identify sites and expected sludge sources. One local notice can cover all available permitted sites, and sites crossing county lines require notice to every affected jurisdiction. The local notice rule excludes application that began before October 10, 2005. Virginia’s Department of Environmental Quality must conduct random, unannounced inspections during application often enough to check compliance.
An initial sludge permit costs $5,000. Existing-site permit reissuance, amendments, or modifications cost no more than $1,000 and can be charged only for holder-initiated actions. The state must set a fee per dry ton of land-applied sludge by regulation; the law gives no per-ton amount. Land appliers collect it from generators and send it to the state, with advance fee estimates unless notice is waived. Fees go to the dedicated Sludge Management Fund for permitting, administration, monitoring, inspections, conservation-agency implementation, and eligible local testing costs. Local reimbursement requires an adopted testing and monitoring ordinance. The fund cannot revert to the general fund, fees cannot replace the environmental agency’s general-fund support, and fees are exempt from statewide indirect charges.
You can make a timely request naming a specific site for sludge testing before land application. The state must collect a sample, send it to a lab, review the results, and share them with you. Tests must cover trace elements, coliform bacteria, and pH. You pay the sampling, testing, and analysis costs; the law gives no price.
Virginia localities can adopt ordinances to test and monitor sludge application for compliance. The state must train local employees in sampling, application rules, nutrient plans, complaints, enforcement, public communication, and reimbursement requests. Employees must finish training before localities can seek reimbursement for their monitoring work. This condition does not limit other local powers. The state may charge only actual course preparation and delivery costs; the Sludge Management Fund can reimburse the fee after completion.
Localities can reasonably restrict or designate sludge storage through zoning and require special-use permits, including in agricultural districts. They cannot restrict farm storage used solely for application on that farm when storage lasts no more than 45 days. Since July 1, 2007, storage permit or variance applications require local certification that the site follows applicable ordinances. The locality has 30 days to confirm or deny compliance; silence means the site is deemed consistent.
Beginning January 1, 2027, treatment works that apply, market, or distribute sludge in Virginia must test representative samples for PFAS chemicals. Accredited labs must use EPA Method 1633, an applicable revision, or another EPA-approved method allowed by the state. Testing is monthly through December 31, 2027; afterward, state approval is needed to reduce testing to at least quarterly. Results must reach the state and sludge appliers within 10 days of receipt; permit holders must also submit compliant analyses for out-of-state sludge. The environmental agency must update existing sludge permits as soon as practicable and publish readable PFOS and PFOA compliance data by October 1, 2026. It must use its expert committee or a stakeholder work group to recommend reduction, sampling, source-control, disposal, remediation, and storage strategies. Recommendations and an implementation timeline are due to the Governor and legislative committee chairs by November 1, 2027.
Virginia public colleges can apply sludge for research on land they own and operate without the article’s permits. They must notify the environmental agency and every adjoining property owner at least 30 days before application. Setback and recordkeeping requirements still apply. The exemption ends July 1, 2030.
Richard H. Stuart
Republican • Senate
There are no cosponsors for this bill.
All Roll Calls
Yes: 228 • No: 35
Senate vote • 3/10/2026
House substitute with amendments agreed to by Senate
Yes: 40 • No: 0
House vote • 3/6/2026
Passed House with substitute with amendments
Yes: 86 • No: 12
House vote • 2/25/2026
Reported from Agriculture, Chesapeake and Natural Resources with substitute
Yes: 22 • No: 0
Senate vote • 2/17/2026
Read third time and passed Senate
Yes: 27 • No: 13
Senate vote • 2/16/2026
Committee substitute rejected (Voice Vote)
Yes: 0 • No: 0
Senate vote • 2/16/2026
Committee substitute agreed to (Voice Vote)
Yes: 0 • No: 0
Senate vote • 2/13/2026
Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading)
Yes: 35 • No: 0
Senate vote • 2/12/2026
Reported from Finance and Appropriations with substitute
Yes: 10 • No: 3 • Other: 2
Senate vote • 2/10/2026
Reported from Agriculture, Conservation and Natural Resources with substitute and rereferred to Finance and Appropriations
Yes: 8 • No: 7
Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0854)
Approved by Governor-Chapter 854 (Effective - see bill)
Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB386)
Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026
Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 31, 2026
Signed by Speaker
Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB386ER)
Enrolled
Signed by President
House substitute with amendments agreed to by Senate (40-Y 0-N 0-A)
Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB386)
Passed House with substitute with amendments (86-Y 12-N 0-A)
Engrossed by House - committee substitute as amended
Delegate Lopez Floor amendments agreed to
committee substitute agreed to
Read third time
Passed by for the day
Passed by for the day
Passed by for the day
Passed by for the day
Floor Offered
Moved from Uncontested Calendar to Regular Calendar
Read second time
Committee substitute printed 26108629D-H1
House committee offered
Chaptered
4/13/2026
Enrolled
3/30/2026
Amendment
3/6/2026
Amendment
3/2/2026
Substitute
2/25/2026
Substitute
2/13/2026
Substitute
2/12/2026
Substitute
2/10/2026
Introduced
1/13/2026
HB5, Employment; paid sick leave, civil penalties.
Employment; paid sick leave; civil penalties; civil actions. Requires one hour of paid sick leave for every 30 hours worked for all employees of private employers and state and local governments, with certain exceptions. The bill requires that employees who are employed and compensated on a fee-for-service basis accrue paid sick leave in accordance with regulations adopted by the Commissioner of Labor and Industry. The bill provides that employees transferred to a separate division or location remain entitled to previously accrued paid sick leave and that employees retain their accrued paid sick leave under any successor employer. The bill allows employers to provide a more generous paid sick leave policy than prescribed by its provisions and specifies that employees, in addition to using paid sick leave for their physical or mental illness or to care for a family member, may use paid sick leave to seek or obtain certain services or to relocate or secure an existing home due to domestic abuse, sexual assault, or stalking. The bill requires the Commissioner to promulgate regulations for the implementation and enforcement of the bill's provisions by July 1, 2027.The bill authorizes the Commissioner, in the case of a knowing violation, to subject an employer to a civil penalty not to exceed $150 for the first violation, $300 for the second violation, and $500 for each successive violation. The Commissioner or Attorney General may commence administrative proceedings or bring a civil action to enforce the bill's provisions. Additionally, the bill authorizes an aggrieved employee to bring a civil action against the employer in which he may recover double the amount of any unpaid sick leave and the amount of any actual damages suffered as the result of the employer's violation. Certain provisions of the bill have a delayed effective date of July 1, 2027. This bill is identical to SB 199.
SB199, Employment; paid sick leave, civil penalties.
Employment; paid sick leave; civil penalties; civil actions. Requires one hour of paid sick leave for every 30 hours worked for all employees of private employers and state and local governments, with certain exceptions. The bill requires that employees who are employed and compensated on a fee-for-service basis accrue paid sick leave in accordance with regulations adopted by the Commissioner of Labor and Industry. The bill provides that employees transferred to a separate division or location remain entitled to previously accrued paid sick leave and that employees retain their accrued paid sick leave under any successor employer. The bill allows employers to provide a more generous paid sick leave policy than prescribed by its provisions and specifies that employees, in addition to using paid sick leave for their physical or mental illness or to care for a family member, may use paid sick leave to seek or obtain certain services or to relocate or secure an existing home due to domestic abuse, sexual assault, or stalking. The bill requires the Commissioner to promulgate regulations for the implementation and enforcement of the bill's provisions by July 1, 2027. The bill authorizes the Commissioner, in the case of a knowing violation, to subject an employer to a civil penalty not to exceed $150 for the first violation, $300 for the second violation, and $500 for each successive violation. The Commissioner or Attorney General may commence administrative proceedings or bring a civil action to enforce the bill's provisions. Additionally, the bill authorizes an aggrieved employee to bring a civil action against the employer in which he may recover double the amount of any unpaid sick leave and the amount of any actual damages suffered as the result of the employer's violation. Certain provisions of the bill have a delayed effective date of July 1, 2027. This bill incorporates SB 372 and is identical to HB 5.
HB95, Va. Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; landlord remedies, noncompliance with rental agreement.
Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; landlord remedies; noncompliance with rental agreement; payment plan. Requires a landlord who owns more than four rental dwelling units or more than a 10 percent interest in more than four rental dwelling units, before terminating a rental agreement due to nonpayment of rent if the exact amount of rent owed is less than or equal to one month's rent plus any late charges contracted for in the rental agreement and as provided by law, to serve upon such tenant a written notice informing the tenant of the exact amount due and owed and offer the tenant a payment plan under which the tenant must pay the exact amount due and owed in equal monthly installments over a period of the lesser of six months or the time remaining under the rental agreement. The bill prohibits the landlord from charging any additional late fees during the payment plan period in connection with the unpaid rental amount for which the tenant entered into the payment plan so long as the tenant makes timely payments in accordance with the terms of the payment plan. The bill also outlines the remedies a landlord has if a tenant fails to pay the exact amount due and owed or enter into a payment plan within five days of receiving notice or if a tenant enters into a payment plan and after such plan becomes effective fails to pay rent when due or fails to make a payment under the terms of the agreed-upon payment plan. The bill has a delayed effective date of January 1, 2027.
HB1393, Electric utilities; pilot program for energy assistance and weatherization for certain individuals.
Electric utilities; pilot programs for energy assistance and weatherization for certain individuals. Amends annual funding commitments for the purposes of the annual pilot program for energy assistance and weatherization for low-income, elderly, and disabled individuals conducted by Dominion Energy Virginia and Appalachian Power Company. Under the bill, Appalachian Power Company is required to continue its pilot program at no less than $1 million and no greater than $1.5 million annually. Dominion Energy Virginia is required to continue its pilot program at no less than $156 million and no greater than $204 million for the time period beginning July 1, 2026, and ending July 1, 2038. The bill extends the sunset date of such pilot programs from July 1, 2028, to July 1, 2038.The bill also provides that Dominion Energy Virginia may recover costs associated with certain electrical facilities that have been approved by the State Corporation Commission as of December 1, 2033, provided that certain requirements are met and notwithstanding any limitations on such cost recovery in current law. The bill directs Dominion Energy Virginia to propose to the Commission, in any proceeding to determine rates for generation and distribution services commencing after January 1, 2027, and before July 1, 2033, that certain costs related to capacity procurement requirements and distribution infrastructure investments are allocated to the utility's customer class approved to serve customers with a contracted or measured electric demand of 25 megawatts or greater and an anticipated or measured average annual electric load factor of 75 percent or greater. The bill provides that certain customers in manufacturing, industrial, or consumer goods warehousing and distribution activities other than data storage may elect to remain on their existing rate schedule. The bill requires Dominion Energy Virginia, in connection with its first proceeding to determine rates for generation and distribution services commencing after July 1, 2026, to include in its petition to the Commission a proposal to revise its tariff for supplementary, maintenance, or standby service for customers with power plants, effective as of January 1, 2028. The bill provides that the Commission shall only approve such proposal if it determines that such tariff will not adversely affect other retail customers or the utility in a manner contrary to the public interest, and any revised tariff terms shall include protections against stranded cost risks to the utility customer base. Additionally, the bill authorizes Dominion Energy Virginia to file a petition for the securitization of certain deferred fuel costs. The bill requires the Commission, in evaluating certain petitions, to require to the greatest extent it finds in the public interest the use of wages, salaries, benefits, and other remuneration to any mechanic, laborer, or worker employed, retained, or otherwise hired to perform services in connection with a contract contemplated pursuant to such petition at the prevailing wage rate and to the greatest extent practicable, the use of a skilled workforce through registered apprenticeship programs for any authorized demand flexibility programs, utility-related procurement through utility-owned or third-party providers, and an evaluation of other potential opportunities to develop Virginia's skilled workforce by requiring minimum apprenticeship program requirements for such electric generation or energy storage facility work. This bill incorporates HB 634.
HB834, Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; fire or casualty damage, termination by landlord.
Virginia Residential Landlord and Tenant Act; fire or casualty damage; termination by landlord. Requires a landlord, prior to giving a tenant 21 days' notice of his intention to terminate the rental agreement for a dwelling unit that has been damaged or destroyed by fire or casualty, to (i) make a reasonable effort to meet with the tenant to discuss reasonable alternatives and offer the tenant a substantially similar dwelling unit, if one is available, or (ii) determine that the damage was caused by the tenant's failure to maintain the dwelling unit in accordance with relevant law. Current law allows the landlord to terminate such agreement by giving the tenant 14 days' notice of his intention to terminate on the basis of the landlord's determination that such damage requires the removal of the tenant and that the use of the premises is substantially impaired. The bill requires the landlord, upon receiving a request from the tenant after the tenant has received such notice, to reevaluate the extent of damage and habitability of such dwelling unit unless the landlord has determined that the damage was caused by the tenant's failure to maintain the dwelling unit. The bill has a delayed effective date of January 1, 2027.
HB675, Protection of employees; coercion or threat based on immigration status, civil penalty.
Protection of employees; coercion or threat based on immigration status; civil penalty. Prohibits an employer, including the Commonwealth and its agencies and political subdivisions, from using coercion or issuing a threat to an employee based on immigration status in furtherance of committing a violation of the Virginia Minimum Wage Act or provisions related to the payment of wages. An aggrieved employee is permitted to file a complaint with the Commissioner of Labor and Industry within 180 days of the alleged coercive action or threat. The bill authorizes the Commissioner to investigate such complaints and, if the allegation is substantiated, to impose a civil penalty in the following amounts: (i) up to $5,000 for the first violation, (ii) up to $9,000 for the second violation, and (iii) up to $12,000 for any subsequent violation. The bill provides that any such penalty assessed shall be paid to the Commissioner for deposit into the General Fund. The bill also authorizes the Commissioner to seek injunctive relief as may be necessary for enforcement.