VirginiaSB592026 Regular SessionSenate

Photo speed monitoring devices; photo-monitoring systems for traffic signals, proof of violation.

Sponsored By: J.D. "Danny" Diggs (Republican)

Signed by Governor

Summary

Photo speed monitoring devices; photo-monitoring systems for traffic signals; school bus video-monitoring systems; proof of violation; certain persons swearing to or affirming certificates; training. Authorizes retired sworn law-enforcement officers, registered special conservators of the peace, and technicians employed by a locality to swear to or to affirm certificates for the purposes of enforcement of violations recorded by traffic light signal violation monitoring systems, traffic control device violation monitoring systems, photo speed monitoring devices, or school bus video-monitoring systems upon completion of a training course developed and approved by the Department of Criminal Justice Services. The bill also requires law-enforcement officers swearing to or affirming such certificates to complete such training course. These provisions of the bill have an effective date of July 1, 2027. The bill also requires the Department of Criminal Justice Services to develop, approve, and make available such training course no later than January 1, 2027. This bill incorporates SB 81 and is identical to HB 684.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

9 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 1 costs, 6 mixed.

Drivers gain speed camera privacy protections

Beginning July 1, 2027, agencies must collect only photo-speed information needed for enforcement and use it for the stated enforcement purposes. Public release, sale, marketing, and disclosure are barred except for enforcement, an owner's or operator's challenge, or a court order. Use in unrelated proceedings requires a court order. If a summons is not executed within 30 days after the violation, the information must be deleted within 60 days after the violation. Other violation information must be deleted no later than 60 days after civil penalties are collected. Agencies must certify compliance annually and allow inspection and audits by the highway or DMV commissioner, or their designees. Unlawful disclosure of personal information carries a $1,000 civil penalty per disclosure.

Traffic cameras require safety checks and notice

Localities choosing red-light camera sites must consider crash rates, violation rates, and whether officers can safely catch violators nearby. They can also consider pedestrian risk. Before deployment, an engineering study must review signal timing and site safety; reasonable recommended safety improvements are required. Yellow lights must follow the Institute of Transportation Engineers' timing method and last at least 3 seconds. Cameras must wait at least 0.5 seconds after red before recording a violation. Red-light camera warning signs must be within 500 feet of the monitored approach; their presence is presumed but can be challenged. Localities must check red-light and traffic control device cameras and signals monthly and publish the results. They must also inform the public before or when either system starts or expands.

Local employees face camera-based vehicle discipline

Counties, cities, and towns can use traffic camera images and related information to discipline their employees. This authority applies only when the recorded vehicle is owned, leased, or rented by that locality.

Drivers can challenge mailed speed summonses

Beginning July 1, 2027, a mailed photo-speed summons can presume the vehicle's owner, lessee, or renter was driving. Recipients can rebut this with an affidavit or sworn testimony naming the driver. They can also present a certified police report showing the vehicle was reported stolen before the violation, before the summons return date. Summonses must arrive by first-class mail at the address in DMV-accessible owner records or the applicable leasing or rental records. They must explain how to challenge the driver presumption and allow at least 30 days from mailing to inspect collected information. Images must also be available during proceedings that decide liability.

Hampton Roads cameras require first-offense warnings

Localities in Virginia Planning District 23 can adopt camera-enforcement ordinances for intersections they deem harmed by the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel Express Lanes Hampton Segment (4C) Project. These programs can impose monetary penalties for traffic control device violations. Before starting enforcement, localities must study the project's effects on congestion, crashes, and drivers ignoring traffic control devices. They must make reasonable safety improvements recommended by the study, including signs and pavement markings. A person's first traffic control device offense recorded by such a system requires a written warning instead of a monetary penalty.

Mailed speed fines limit driver consequences

Beginning July 1, 2027, mailed photo-speed penalties are not driver convictions and do not appear on driving records. They cannot be used for vehicle insurance purposes. Convictions from summonses personally issued by an officer at the violation still go on driving records and can affect insurance. Missing the return date on a mailed photo-speed summons cannot lead to arrest or contempt proceedings. However, legal collections can follow nonappearance when the vehicle is registered outside Virginia.

Speed cameras bring fines and warnings

State and local police can use speed cameras in school crossing zones, highway work zones, and qualifying high-risk intersection segments. High-risk segments must be within the locality, within 1,000 feet of a school, and include a marked crosswalk. Police must certify that a traffic fatality occurred there since January 1, 2014. Drivers face civil fines up to $100 for speeds at least 10 mph above the posted limit. High-risk fines support the Virginia Highway Safety Improvement Program; other fines go to the locality or Literary Fund, depending on the issuing agency. Beginning July 1, 2027, clear camera-warning signs are required within 1,000 feet of each covered location. Signs are presumed present when a violation occurs, but drivers can challenge that claim.

Camera vendors face pay and data limits

Localities cannot pay red-light camera providers based on violation counts or monetary penalties imposed. Beginning July 1, 2027, private vendors can supply photo-speed equipment and support services to law-enforcement agencies. Their pay must reflect the value provided, not paid violation counts or penalties imposed. Contracted photo-speed vendors can also make legally compliant DMV agreements to obtain owner information for vehicles involved in speed violations. That information must be kept in a protected database.

More trained staff certify camera violations

The law expands who can certify camera evidence to include qualifying officers, retired sworn officers, registered special conservators, and locality-employed technicians. Certifiers must meet the training, employment, and authorization requirements that apply to their role and camera system. Sworn certificates based on inspected red-light or traffic control device images can establish a violation unless rebutted. School-zone speed evidence must also show or confirm the required portable, tilt-over, or activated blinking sign. The Department of Criminal Justice Services must develop and approve the required course by January 1, 2027, and issue rules for it. Beginning July 1, 2027, the expanded photo-speed certifier rules apply; technicians must complete the approved course and work for a locality.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • J.D. "Danny" Diggs

    Republican • Senate

Cosponsors

There are no cosponsors for this bill.

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 329 • No: 206

House vote • 3/14/2026

Conference report agreed to by House

Yes: 58 • No: 38

Senate vote • 3/14/2026

Conference report agreed to by Senate

Yes: 26 • No: 12

Senate vote • 3/12/2026

Senate acceded to request

Yes: 40 • No: 0

Senate vote • 3/12/2026

House substitute with amendment rejected by Senate

Yes: 0 • No: 40

House vote • 3/12/2026

Passed House with substitute with amendment

Yes: 60 • No: 38

House vote • 3/11/2026

Failed to pass House

Yes: 40 • No: 59

House vote • 3/5/2026

Reported from Transportation with substitute

Yes: 14 • No: 7

House vote • 3/3/2026

Subcommittee recommends reporting with substitute

Yes: 10 • No: 0

Senate vote • 1/28/2026

Read third time and passed Senate

Yes: 31 • No: 9

Senate vote • 1/27/2026

Transportation Substitute agreed to

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote • 1/26/2026

Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading)

Yes: 38 • No: 0

Senate vote • 1/26/2026

Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote • 1/22/2026

Reported from Transportation with substitute

Yes: 12 • No: 3

Actions Timeline

  1. Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0965)

    4/13/2026Governor
  2. Approved by Governor-Chapter 965 (Effective 7/1/2027)

    4/13/2026Governor
  3. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB59)

    4/1/2026Senate
  4. Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026

    3/31/2026Governor
  5. Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 31, 2026

    3/31/2026Senate
  6. Signed by Speaker

    3/31/2026House
  7. Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB59ER)

    3/30/2026Senate
  8. Enrolled

    3/30/2026Senate
  9. Signed by President

    3/30/2026Senate
  10. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB59)

    3/19/2026Senate
  11. Conference report agreed to by Senate (26-Y 12-N 0-A)

    3/14/2026Senate
  12. Conference report agreed to by House (58-Y 38-N 0-A)

    3/14/2026House
  13. Conference Report released

    3/14/2026
  14. House Conferees: Hayes, Delaney, Leftwich

    3/12/2026House
  15. Conferees appointed by House

    3/12/2026House
  16. Senate acceded to request (40-Y 0-N 0-A)

    3/12/2026Senate
  17. House requested conference committee

    3/12/2026House
  18. House substitute with amendment rejected by Senate (0-Y 40-N 0-A)

    3/12/2026Senate
  19. Passed House with substitute with amendment (60-Y 38-N 0-A)

    3/12/2026House
  20. Engrossed by House - committee substitute as amended

    3/12/2026House
  21. Delegate Simon Floor amendment agreed to

    3/12/2026House
  22. Read third time

    3/12/2026House
  23. Conferees appointed by Senate

    3/12/2026Senate
  24. Senate Conferees: Aird, Williams Graves, Diggs

    3/12/2026Senate
  25. House insisted on substitute with amendment

    3/12/2026House

Bill Text

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