VirginiaSB6472026 Regular SessionSenate

Unmanned aircraft systems; use by law-enforcement officers, search warrants.

Sponsored By: Todd E. Pillion (Republican)

Became Law

Summary

Use of unmanned aircraft systems by law-enforcement officers; search warrants; model policy. Expedites the issuance of a search warrant for unmanned aircraft systems by law-enforcement officers upon a finding of reasonable and probable cause by an authorized judicial official, as defined in the bill, and permits the use of unmanned aircraft systems without a search warrant when law enforcement is surveying the scene of a crime or to respond to a public safety call for service when such crime scene or call for service is located on public property, to locate a person when such person has fled the offense location during the initial response to an incident, or to provide real-time aerial observation to increase on-scene safety and security. Such provisions are subject to a reenactment clause. The bill also requires the Department of Criminal Justice Services, in consultation with the Virginia Indigent Defense Commission and the Virginia Association of Commonwealth's Attorneys, to establish a model policy for the use of unmanned aircraft systems by December 1, 2026. This bill is identical to HB 1219.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

5 provisions identified: 3 benefits, 0 costs, 2 mixed.

Military drone training stays allowed

The law lets the U.S. Armed Forces and the Virginia National Guard keep using drones for required training. This exemption does not take effect unless the General Assembly reenacts it in 2027.

No weaponized drones; illegal evidence barred

The law bans state and local agencies from using weaponized drones, with a narrow exception at Wallops Island. It also blocks courts from using drone evidence gathered in violation of these rules. These parts do not take effect unless the General Assembly reenacts them in 2027.

State model policy for police drones

DCJS must write and post a model drone policy for state and local police by December 1, 2026. The policy guides how agencies use drones and will be available online.

Drone limits wait for 2027 vote

The changes to Virginia’s police‑drone rules do not start now. They only take effect if the 2027 General Assembly reenacts them. This delay covers the warrant rule, the listed exceptions, the evidence rule, the weapon ban, and the military training exception.

When police can use drones

The law limits state and local police drone use to times with a search warrant or an inspection warrant. It allows warrantless use only for Amber, Senior, or Blue Alerts; to deal with immediate danger to life or property; to survey crash scenes; to help DOT with crash reports; to document crime scenes or calls on public property; for training; with consent; to plan serving an existing felony arrest warrant at a primary home; and during hot pursuit or surveys of public property. These limits and exceptions do not take effect unless the General Assembly reenacts them in 2027.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Todd E. Pillion

    Republican • Senate

Cosponsors

There are no cosponsors for this bill.

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 347 • No: 1

Senate vote 3/6/2026

House amendment agreed to by Senate

Yes: 40 • No: 0

House vote 3/4/2026

Passed House with amendment Block Vote

Yes: 97 • No: 0

House vote 3/4/2026

Passed House with amendment Block Vote

Yes: 99 • No: 0

House vote 3/2/2026

Reported from Courts of Justice with amendment(s)

Yes: 22 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/17/2026

Read third time and passed Senate

Yes: 40 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/16/2026

Committee substitute agreed to (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/13/2026

Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/13/2026

Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 1st reading)

Yes: 36 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/11/2026

Reported from Courts of Justice with substitute

Yes: 13 • No: 1 • Other: 1

Actions Timeline

  1. Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0271)

    4/6/2026Governor
  2. Approved by Governor-Chapter 271 (effective 7/1/2026)

    4/6/2026Governor
  3. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB647)

    3/18/2026Senate
  4. Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026

    3/14/2026Governor
  5. Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 14, 2026

    3/14/2026Senate
  6. Bill text as passed Senate and House (SB647ER)

    3/12/2026Senate
  7. Enrolled

    3/12/2026House
  8. Signed by President

    3/12/2026Senate
  9. Signed by Speaker

    3/12/2026House
  10. House amendment agreed to by Senate (40-Y 0-N 0-A)

    3/6/2026Senate
  11. Passed House with amendment Block Vote (99-Y 0-N 0-A)

    3/4/2026House
  12. Reconsideration of passage agreed to by House

    3/4/2026House
  13. Passed House with amendment Block Vote (97-Y 0-N 0-A)

    3/4/2026House
  14. Engrossed by House as amended

    3/4/2026House
  15. committee amendment agreed to

    3/4/2026House
  16. Read third time

    3/4/2026House
  17. Read second time

    3/3/2026House
  18. Reported from Courts of Justice with amendment(s) (22-Y 0-N)

    3/2/2026House
  19. Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice

    2/24/2026House
  20. Read first time

    2/24/2026House
  21. Placed on Calendar

    2/24/2026House
  22. Read third time and passed Senate (40-Y 0-N 0-A)

    2/17/2026Senate
  23. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (SB647)

    2/16/2026Senate
  24. Committee substitute agreed to (Voice Vote)

    2/16/2026Senate
  25. Engrossed by Senate - committee substitute (Voice Vote)

    2/16/2026Senate

Bill Text

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