§1256 — Title 30 Mineral Lands and Mining | U.S. Code

Summary

After 8 months from when a State program is approved or when a Federal program is set up for a State, no one may do surface coal mining in that State unless they first get a permit from the State (under the approved State program) or from the Secretary (under the Federal program). A company already working under a State permit may keep working past that 8‑month date if it has filed a new permit application and the agency has not yet made an initial decision. Permits last up to 5 years unless the applicant shows they need more time for financing and the regulator agrees. If someone takes over a permit and applies for a new one within 30 days and keeps the original bond, they may keep mining under the old plan until the new decision. A permit ends if work does not start within 3 years, though regulators can grant time extensions for litigation, big economic harm, or other conditions beyond the permittee’s control; Federal coal leases cannot be extended beyond the time allowed by the Mineral Leasing Act. Valid permits can be renewed for areas inside the current permit. Renewals follow public notice rules and opponents must prove why renewal should be denied. Renewals may be denied for unmet permit terms, environmental noncompliance, threats to operator responsibility, inadequate bond coverage, or missing updated information. Adding new land in a renewal must meet the full standards for new permits, with limited exceptions for land already in an approved reclamation plan. Renewal applications must be filed at least 120 days before the permit expires, and renewals cannot be longer than the original permit.

Title 30, §1256

Mineral Lands and Mining — Source: USLM XML via OLRC

(a)No later than eight months from the date on which a State program is approved by the Secretary, pursuant to section 1253 of this title, or no later than eight months from the date on which the Secretary has promulgated a Federal program for a State not having a State program pursuant to section 1254 of this title, no person shall engage in or carry out on lands within a State any surface coal mining operations unless such person has first obtained a permit issued by such State pursuant to an approved State program or by the Secretary pursuant to a Federal program; except a person conducting surface coal mining operations under a permit from the State regulatory authority, issued in accordance with the provisions of section 1252 of this title, may conduct such operations beyond such period if an application for a permit has been filed in accordance with the provisions of this chapter, but the initial administrative decision has not been rendered.

(b)All permits issued pursuant to the requirements of this chapter shall be issued for a term not to exceed five years: Provided, That if the applicant demonstrates that a specified longer term is reasonably needed to allow the applicant to obtain necessary financing for equipment and the opening of the operation and if the application is full and complete for such specified longer term, the regulatory authority may grant a permit for such longer term. A successor in interest to a permittee who applies for a new permit within thirty days of succeeding to such interest and who is able to obtain the bond coverage of the original permittee may continue surface coal mining and reclamation operations according to the approved mining and reclamation plan of the original permittee until such successor’s application is granted or denied.

(c)A permit shall terminate if the permittee has not commenced the surface coal mining operations covered by such permit within three years of the issuance of the permit: Provided, That the regulatory authority may grant reasonable extensions of time upon a showing that such extensions are necessary by reason of litigation precluding such commencement or threatening substantial economic loss to the permittee, or by reason of conditions beyond the control and without the fault or negligence of the permittee: Provided further, That in the case of a coal lease issued under the Federal Mineral Leasing Act, as amended [30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.], extensions of time may not extend beyond the period allowed for diligent development in accordance with section 7 of that Act [30 U.S.C. 207]: Provided further, That with respect to coal to be mined for use in a synthetic fuel facility or specific major electric generating facility, the permittee shall be deemed to have commenced surface mining operations at such time as the construction of the synthetic fuel or generating facility is initiated.

(d)(1)Any valid permit issued pursuant to this chapter shall carry with it the right of successive renewal upon expiration with respect to areas within the boundaries of the existing permit. The holders of the permit may apply for renewal and such renewal shall be issued (provided that on application for renewal the burden shall be on the opponents of renewal), subsequent to fulfillment of the public notice requirements of section 1263 and 1264 of this title unless it is established that and written findings by the regulatory authority are made that—

(A)the terms and conditions of the existing permit are not being satisfactorily met;

(B)the present surface coal mining and reclamation operation is not in compliance with the environmental protection standards of this chapter and the approved State plan or Federal program pursuant to this chapter; or

(C)the renewal requested substantially jeopardizes the operator’s continuing responsibility on existing permit areas;

(D)the operator has not provided evidence that the performance bond in effect for said operation will continue in full force and effect for any renewal requested in such application as well as any additional bond the regulatory authority might require pursuant to section 1259 of this title; or

(E)any additional revised or updated information required by the regulatory authority has not been provided. Prior to the approval of any renewal of permit the regulatory authority shall provide notice to the appropriate public authorities.

(2)If an application for renewal of a valid permit includes a proposal to extend the mining operation beyond the boundaries authorized in the existing permit, the portion of the application for renewal of a valid permit which addresses any new land areas shall be subject to the full standards applicable to new applications under this chapter: Provided, however, That if the surface coal mining operations authorized by a permit issued pursuant to this chapter were not subject to the standards contained in section 1260(b)(5)(A) and (B) of this title by reason of complying with the proviso of section 1260(b)(5) of this title, then the portion of the application for renewal of the permit which addresses any new land areas previously identified in the reclamation plan submitted pursuant to section 1258 of this title shall not be subject to the standards contained in section 1260(b)(5)(A) and (B) of this title.

(3)Any permit renewal shall be for a term not to exceed the period of the original permit established by this chapter. Application for permit renewal shall be made at least one hundred and twenty days prior to the expiration of the valid permit.

Notes & Related Subsidiaries

Editorial Notes

References in Text

The Federal Mineral Leasing Act, as amended, referred to in subsec. (c), probably means act Feb. 25, 1920, ch. 85, 41 Stat. 437, known as the Mineral Leasing Act, which is classified generally to chapter 3A (§ 181 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see

Short Title

note set out under section 181 of this title and Tables.

§1256 Permits