IllinoisSB1181104th General Assembly (2025–2026)Senate

PUBLIC EXPRESSION PROTECTION

Sponsored By: Steve Stadelman (Democratic)

Signed by Governor

Summary

Creates the Uniform Public Expression Protection Act. Applies the Act to a civil cause of action, including an action in federal court under its supplemental or diversity jurisdiction, against a person based on the person's: (i) communication in a legislative, executive, judicial, administrative, or other governmental proceeding; (ii) communication on an issue under consideration or review in any of these proceedings; or (iii) exercise of a right guaranteed by the United States Constitution or the Illinois Constitution on a matter of public concern. Provides that the Act does not apply to a cause of action asserted: (i) against a governmental unit or an employee or agent of a governmental unit acting or purporting to act in an official capacity; (ii) by a governmental unit or an employee or agent of a governmental unit acting in an official capacity to enforce a law to protect against an imminent threat to public health or safety; or (iii) against a person primarily engaged in the business of selling or leasing goods or services if the cause of action arises out of a communication related to the person's sale or lease of the goods or services. Creates a procedure for a special motion for expedited relief for a party being sued for issues covered by the Act to dismiss or strike the action in whole or in part within 60 days of being sued. Requires the court to rule on a special motion for expedited relief within 60 days after a hearing, and the court must conduct a hearing not later than 60 days after the filing of such a motion unless it continues it for discovery under the Act or for other good cause. Makes other changes. Makes a conforming change in the Citizen Participation Act. Effective immediately.

assignmentsjudiciaryjudiciary - civil

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

3 provisions identified: 2 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.

Legal fee recovery in speech lawsuits

These fee rules apply to Illinois cases started on or after January 1, 2026. Courts must award reasonable legal fees and costs to a party who wins a motion seeking the law’s speech protections. A party who defeats that motion must also receive reasonable fees and costs if the court finds abuse. The motion must be frivolous or filed solely to delay the case. The law sets no fixed fee amount.

Stronger lawsuit protections for public expression

For Illinois cases started on or after January 1, 2026, the law broadens protections against lawsuits targeting public expression. It covers petitioning, speech, association, government participation, and press activity, including reporting, investigating, and opinions on public concerns. Protection applies even when a claim is not solely about the moving party’s constitutional rights or the claimant has another motive. Covered acts are immune from liability regardless of intent or purpose. Immunity excludes acts not genuinely aimed at seeking favorable government action, a result, or an outcome.

Speech protection motions pause court cases

For Illinois cases started on or after January 1, 2026, filing a speech-protection motion pauses proceedings between the opposing parties. This includes discovery, pending hearings, and motions. The pause generally lasts through the ruling and appeal deadline; an appeal pauses proceedings between all parties through the appeal. At the moving party’s request, courts can also pause other parties’ hearings, motions, or discovery involving a material issue. Courts can allow limited discovery, certain fee motions, and voluntary dismissals. For good cause, courts can hear unrelated motions or requests for injunctions addressing an imminent public health or safety threat.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Steve Stadelman

    Democratic • Senate

Cosponsors

  • Daniel Didech

    Democratic • House

  • Jennifer Gong-Gershowitz

    Democratic • House

  • Tracy Katz Muhl

    Democratic • House

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 220 • No: 57

Senate vote • 5/31/2025

House Committee Amendment No. 1 Senate Concurs

Yes: 47 • No: 10

Senate vote • 5/28/2025

House Committee Amendment No. 1 Motion To Concur Recommended Do Adopt Judiciary;

Yes: 8 • No: 0

House vote • 5/22/2025

Third Reading - Short Debate - Passed

Yes: 75 • No: 38

House vote • 5/7/2025

House Committee Amendment No. 1 Adopted in Judiciary - Civil Committee;

Yes: 13 • No: 4

House vote • 5/7/2025

Do Pass as Amended / Short Debate Judiciary - Civil Committee;

Yes: 13 • No: 4

Senate vote • 4/10/2025

Third Reading - Passed;

Yes: 55 • No: 1

Senate vote • 3/19/2025

Do Pass as Amended Judiciary;

Yes: 9 • No: 0

Actions Timeline

  1. Public Act . . . . . . . . . 104-0431

    8/21/2025Senate
  2. Effective Date August 21, 2025

    8/21/2025Senate
  3. Governor Approved

    8/21/2025Senate
  4. Sent to the Governor

    6/27/2025Senate
  5. Passed Both Houses

    5/31/2025Senate
  6. Senate Concurs

    5/31/2025Senate
  7. House Committee Amendment No. 1 Senate Concurs 047-010-000

    5/31/2025Senate
  8. House Committee Amendment No. 1 Motion To Concur Recommended Do Adopt Judiciary; 008-000-000

    5/28/2025Senate
  9. House Committee Amendment No. 1 Motion to Concur Assignments Referred to Judiciary

    5/27/2025Senate
  10. House Committee Amendment No. 1 Motion to Concur Referred to Assignments

    5/27/2025Senate
  11. House Committee Amendment No. 1 Motion to Concur Filed with Secretary Sen. Steve Stadelman

    5/27/2025Senate
  12. Placed on Calendar Order of Concurrence House Amendment(s) 1 - May 26, 2025

    5/22/2025Senate
  13. Secretary's Desk - Concurrence House Amendment(s) 1

    5/22/2025Senate
  14. Third Reading - Short Debate - Passed 075-038-000

    5/22/2025House
  15. Placed on Calendar Order of 3rd Reading - Short Debate

    5/22/2025House
  16. Added Alternate Chief Co-Sponsor Rep. Tracy Katz Muhl

    5/21/2025House
  17. Added Alternate Chief Co-Sponsor Rep. Jennifer Gong-Gershowitz

    5/21/2025House
  18. Held on Calendar Order of Second Reading - Short Debate

    5/16/2025House
  19. Second Reading - Short Debate

    5/16/2025House
  20. Alternate Co-Sponsor Removed Rep. Tracy Katz Muhl

    5/12/2025House
  21. Alternate Co-Sponsor Removed Rep. Jennifer Gong-Gershowitz

    5/12/2025House
  22. Added Alternate Co-Sponsor Rep. Tracy Katz Muhl

    5/12/2025House
  23. Added Alternate Co-Sponsor Rep. Jennifer Gong-Gershowitz

    5/12/2025House
  24. Placed on Calendar 2nd Reading - Short Debate

    5/7/2025House
  25. Do Pass as Amended / Short Debate Judiciary - Civil Committee; 013-004-000

    5/7/2025House

Bill Text

  • Engrossed

  • Enrolled

  • House Amendment 1

  • Introduced

  • Senate Amendment 1

  • Senate Amendment 2

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