VirginiaHB9502026 Regular SessionHouse

Unmanned aircraft systems; use by public bodies, search warrant required, exceptions.

Sponsored By: Alfonso H. Lopez (Democratic)

Became Law

Summary

Use of unmanned aircraft systems by public bodies; search warrant required; exceptions. Adds the Department of Environmental Quality to the list of exceptions to the warrant requirement for the use of an unmanned aircraft system by public bodies for the implementation and civil enforcement of the Virginia Water Resources and Wetlands Protection Program, the Virginia Erosion and Stormwater Management Act, and erosion and sediment control in localities without a Virginia Erosion and Stormwater Management Program against a permittee.

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

4 provisions identified: 3 benefits, 0 costs, 1 mixed.

Military drone training stays exempt

The U.S. Armed Forces and the Virginia National Guard are exempt from these drone limits during training to keep federal mission readiness. They are also exempt when they help train other Defense units. This does not change the rules for civilian agencies.

Non-police drone uses allowed

The warrant rule does not apply when drones support the state or a locality for non-police tasks. Examples include damage checks, traffic reviews, flood stage checks, and wildfire assessment. The law also allows private, commercial, and research drone use by colleges and research groups.

Weaponized drones banned for agencies

State and local agencies and police cannot deploy or help use weaponized drones in Virginia. An exception allows such operations at the Space Port and Naval/Aegis sites at Wallops Island. Drones built and used only to disable another drone are not treated as weaponized.

Police drones need warrants, with exceptions

The law requires police and other enforcement agencies to use drones only with a search warrant or an inspection warrant. It lists narrow times when no warrant is needed, such as Amber, Senior, or Blue Alerts; to stop an immediate danger; to reconstruct crashes that need a report (including DOT help); during hot pursuit or to survey a suspect’s primary home to plan a felony arrest; with consent; for certain environmental enforcement against a permittee; and to check drones over government sites, critical infrastructure, or non-government-run jails or prisons. Training for those listed uses is allowed. Evidence from drones used in violation of these rules cannot be used in any Virginia court. The law also defines what counts as a drone and a drone system.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Alfonso H. Lopez

    Democratic • House

Cosponsors

There are no cosponsors for this bill.

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 175 • No: 45

Senate vote 3/2/2026

Passed Senate

Yes: 40 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/27/2026

Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading)

Yes: 37 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/27/2026

Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

Yes: 0 • No: 0

Senate vote 2/25/2026

Reported from Courts of Justice

Yes: 14 • No: 0 • Other: 1

House vote 2/10/2026

Read third time and passed House

Yes: 63 • No: 35

House vote 2/4/2026

Reported from Courts of Justice with amendment(s)

Yes: 15 • No: 7

House vote 1/28/2026

Subcommittee recommends reporting with amendment(s)

Yes: 6 • No: 3

Actions Timeline

  1. Acts of Assembly Chapter text (CHAP0245)

    4/6/2026Governor
  2. Approved by Governor-Chapter 245 (effective 7/1/2026)

    4/6/2026Governor
  3. Governor's Action Deadline 11:59 p.m., April 13, 2026

    3/10/2026Governor
  4. Enrolled Bill communicated to Governor on March 10, 2026

    3/10/2026House
  5. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB950)

    3/9/2026House
  6. Bill text as passed House and Senate (HB950ER)

    3/9/2026House
  7. Enrolled

    3/9/2026House
  8. Signed by President

    3/9/2026Senate
  9. Signed by Speaker

    3/9/2026House
  10. Passed Senate (40-Y 0-N 0-A)

    3/2/2026Senate
  11. Read third time

    3/2/2026Senate
  12. Passed by for the day Block Vote (Voice Vote)

    2/27/2026Senate
  13. Constitutional reading dispensed Block Vote (on 2nd reading) (37-Y 0-N 0-A)

    2/27/2026Senate
  14. Rules suspended

    2/27/2026Senate
  15. Reported from Courts of Justice (14-Y 0-N 1-A)

    2/25/2026Senate
  16. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB950)

    2/16/2026House
  17. Referred to Committee for Courts of Justice

    2/11/2026Senate
  18. Constitutional reading dispensed (on 1st reading)

    2/11/2026Senate
  19. Read third time and passed House (63-Y 35-N 0-A)

    2/10/2026House
  20. Engrossed by House as amended

    2/9/2026House
  21. committee amendments agreed to

    2/9/2026House
  22. Read second time

    2/9/2026House
  23. Read first time

    2/6/2026House
  24. Reported from Courts of Justice with amendment(s) (15-Y 7-N)

    2/4/2026House
  25. Fiscal Impact Statement from Department of Planning and Budget (HB950)

    2/3/2026House

Bill Text

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