All Roll Calls
Yes: 197 • No: 23
New YorkS 69532025-2026 Regular SessionSenate
Relates to the training and use of artificial intelligence frontier models
Sponsored By: Andrew Gounardes (Democratic)
Signed by Governor
INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGYWAYS AND MEANS
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Bill Overview
Analyzed Economic Effects
4 provisions identified: 0 benefits, 2 costs, 2 mixed.
AI rule violations bring major fines
Starting 90 days after enactment, the New York Attorney General can sue over violations of the frontier-model rules. Civil fines can reach $10 million for a first violation and $30 million for each later violation. The amount depends on how serious the violation is. The Attorney General can also seek court orders to prevent or remedy violations of deployment and safety duties.
New safety rules for large AI developers
Starting 90 days after enactment, large AI developers must follow new safety rules for covered models operating partly or fully in New York. Covered models include those trained using more than 10^26 computing operations and costing over $100 million in training compute. Models made by distilling a covered model also qualify when their compute cost exceeds $5 million. Large developers have trained at least one frontier model and spent over $100 million total training frontier models. Accredited colleges and universities are excluded when doing academic research. Before deployment, developers must create safety plans covering harm prevention, cybersecurity, testing, legal compliance, and responsible senior staff. They cannot deploy models that create an unreasonable risk of critical harm, and must put safeguards in place. Critical harm includes deaths or serious injuries to at least 100 people, or at least $1 billion in financial or property damage. Developers must publish redacted plans and send them to the Attorney General and state emergency agency. Redactions can protect safety, trade secrets, legally confidential information, and privacy; agencies can request full plans, subject to federal-law limits. Developers must keep full plans, revisions, and detailed test records during deployment and for five years afterward. They must review plans annually, update them as needed, and publish and send material changes to both agencies.
Residents gain no new AI lawsuit right
Starting 90 days after enactment, private parties cannot sue under this law over violations of its frontier-model rules. The New York Attorney General enforces those rules. The law preserves duties, lawsuits, and remedies available under other laws.
AI developers must report safety incidents
Starting 90 days after enactment, large developers must report covered AI safety incidents to the Attorney General and state emergency agency. Reports are due within 72 hours of learning about an incident or facts supporting a reasonable belief one occurred. Reports must give the date, explain why the event qualifies, and describe it briefly in plain language. Incidents include critical harm, autonomous misbehavior, stolen or released model weights, control failures, and unauthorized use. Developers must keep incident records during deployment and for five years afterward. They cannot knowingly make false or materially misleading statements or omissions in or about required documents.
Sponsors & Cosponsors
Sponsor
Andrew Gounardes
Democratic • Senate
Cosponsors
Anthony H. Palumbo
Republican • Senate
Brad Hoylman-Sigal
Democratic • Senate
George Borrello
Republican • Senate
Jabari Brisport
Democratic • Senate
Jamaal Bailey
Republican • Senate
John Liu
Democratic • Senate
Julia Salazar
Democratic • Senate
Kristen Gonzalez
Democratic • Senate
Lea Webb
Democratic • Senate
Liz Krueger
Democratic • Senate
Michelle Hinchey
Democratic • Senate
Patricia Fahy
Democratic • Senate
Pete Harckham
Democratic • Senate
Rachel May
Democratic • Senate
Robert Jackson
Democratic • Senate
Shelley Mayer
Democratic • Senate
Roll Call Votes
committee vote • 6/12/2025
Rules Committee Vote
Yes: 20 • No: 0
Senate vote • 6/12/2025
FLOOR Vote
Yes: 58 • No: 1
House vote • 6/12/2025
Assembly floor vote
Yes: 119 • No: 22
Actions Timeline
APPROVAL MEMO.76
12/19/2025SenateSIGNED CHAP.699
12/19/2025SenateDELIVERED TO GOVERNOR
12/9/2025SenateRETURNED TO SENATE
6/12/2025HousePASSED ASSEMBLY
6/12/2025HouseORDERED TO THIRD READING RULES CAL.656
6/12/2025HouseSUBSTITUTED FOR A6453B
6/12/2025HouseREFERRED TO WAYS AND MEANS
6/12/2025HouseDELIVERED TO ASSEMBLY
6/12/2025SenatePASSED SENATE
6/12/2025SenateORDERED TO THIRD READING CAL.1889
6/12/2025SenateCOMMITTEE DISCHARGED AND COMMITTED TO RULES
6/12/2025SenatePRINT NUMBER 6953B
6/9/2025SenateAMEND AND RECOMMIT TO INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGY
6/9/2025SenatePRINT NUMBER 6953A
6/3/2025SenateAMEND AND RECOMMIT TO INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGY
6/3/2025SenateREFERRED TO INTERNET AND TECHNOLOGY
3/27/2025Senate
Bill Text
Amendment B
6/9/2025
Amendment A
6/3/2025
Original
3/27/2025
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