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New YorkS 9522025-2026 Regular SessionSenateWALLET

Makes rent stabilized dwelling units eligible for certain protections

Sponsored By: Brian Kavanagh (Democratic)

Signed by Governor

JUDICIARYCODES

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Bill Overview

Analyzed Economic Effects

6 provisions identified: 5 benefits, 1 costs, 0 mixed.

Renters gain deposit protections when ownership changes

Beginning 30 days after enactment, these protections cover leases, rental agreements, and renewals entered into for New York City rent-stabilized or Emergency Tenant Protection Act homes. New owners take on deposit obligations to the extent the prior owner was liable. For deposits not transferred, repayment includes accrued interest when the new owner has actual knowledge of the deposit. Knowledge includes bank deposit records from the six months before transfer, an acknowledgment in a current lease, or tenant documents. If no record exists, the new owner must notify you in writing within 30 days after transfer. You generally have 30 days after receiving notice to provide proof, such as cancelled checks, receipts, or a lease signed by the prior owner; without that notice, you can provide proof at any time. When records are missing, the new owner can require the prior owner to place one month’s rent in an escrow account to cover later deposit claims.

Renters gain stronger remedies for deposit violations

Beginning 30 days after enactment, these protections cover leases, rental agreements, and renewals entered into for New York City rent-stabilized or Emergency Tenant Protection Act homes. In a dispute over money kept from a deposit or advance, the landlord must prove the amount was reasonable. Anyone who violates the deposit protections is liable for actual damages. A willful violation also carries punitive damages of up to twice the deposit or advance. Agreements that waive or change these deposit rights are void.

Renters get capped deposits and faster refunds

Beginning 30 days after enactment, these rules cover leases, rental agreements, and renewals entered into for New York City rent-stabilized or Emergency Tenant Protection Act homes. A deposit or advance cannot exceed one month’s rent. Allowed deductions cover unpaid rent, tenant-caused damage beyond normal wear, specified unpaid utilities, and moving or storing the tenant’s belongings—not ordinary wear or prior tenants’ damage. Within 14 days after you move out, the landlord must explain deductions in an itemized statement and return the remaining deposit. Missing that deadline means the landlord loses the right to keep any part of the deposit.

Renters can document damage before moving in

Beginning 30 days after enactment, these protections cover leases, rental agreements, and renewals entered into for New York City rent-stabilized or Emergency Tenant Protection Act homes. After the initial lease is signed, the landlord must offer an inspection before you move in. If you request it, you and the landlord must inspect and sign a written record of existing conditions before occupancy. The landlord cannot deduct money from your deposit for conditions recorded in that agreement. The agreement can be used as evidence only in disputes over returning the deposit.

Renters can fix problems before moving out

Beginning 30 days after enactment, these protections cover leases, rental agreements, and renewals entered into for New York City rent-stabilized or Emergency Tenant Protection Act homes. When either party gives notice of ending the tenancy, landlords must promptly give written notice of your right to request and attend an inspection. That notice is not required when you give less than two weeks’ notice. A requested inspection must occur one to two weeks before the tenancy ends, with at least 48 hours’ written notice of its date and time. Afterward, the landlord must list proposed repair or cleaning deductions and let you address those problems before the tenancy ends.

Renters face limits on receiver deposit recovery

Beginning 30 days after enactment, this rule covers leases, rental agreements, and renewals entered into for New York City rent-stabilized or Emergency Tenant Protection Act homes. A receiver managing a property has limited liability for deposits and accrued interest. That liability is capped at deposit money actually transferred to the receiver, plus operating income left after expenses during receivership. Renters may recover less from the receiver if those funds are not enough.

Sponsors & Cosponsors

Sponsor

  • Brian Kavanagh

    Democratic • Senate

Cosponsors

  • Lea Webb

    Democratic • Senate

Roll Call Votes

All Roll Calls

Yes: 146 • No: 79

House vote • 5/27/2025

Assembly floor vote

Yes: 95 • No: 50

Senate vote • 4/29/2025

FLOOR Vote

Yes: 38 • No: 23

committee vote • 2/11/2025

Judiciary Committee Vote

Yes: 13 • No: 6

Actions Timeline

  1. SIGNED CHAP.436

    10/16/2025Senate

  2. DELIVERED TO GOVERNOR

    10/9/2025Senate

  3. RETURNED TO SENATE

    5/27/2025House

  4. PASSED ASSEMBLY

    5/27/2025House

  5. ORDERED TO THIRD READING RULES CAL.154

    4/30/2025House

  6. SUBSTITUTED FOR A6423A

    4/30/2025House

  7. REFERRED TO CODES

    4/29/2025House

  8. DELIVERED TO ASSEMBLY

    4/29/2025Senate

  9. PASSED SENATE

    4/29/2025Senate

  10. AMENDED ON THIRD READING 952B

    4/9/2025Senate

  11. AMENDED ON THIRD READING (T) 952A

    2/26/2025Senate

  12. ADVANCED TO THIRD READING

    2/24/2025Senate

  13. 2ND REPORT CAL.

    2/12/2025Senate

  14. 1ST REPORT CAL.344

    2/11/2025Senate

  15. REFERRED TO JUDICIARY

    1/8/2025Senate

Bill Text

  • Amendment B

    4/9/2025

    PDF

  • Amendment A

    2/26/2025

    PDF

  • Original

    1/7/2025

    PDF

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