Agriculture
Crop protection chemicals including glyphosate, atrazine, fungicides, and insecticides.
Why it matters · Lower crop yields or higher farm input costs when chemical supply tightens, passing through to food prices.
10
Inputs
28
Companies
33
Facilities
10
Source countries
How it's made
Active Ingredient Synthesis
Chemical synthesis of technical-grade AIs: glyphosate via AMPA pathway; pyrethroids via cyclopropane acid + alcohol esterification; neonicotinoids via chloronicotinyl chemistry; atrazine via cyanuric chloride condensation.
Intermediate Purification
Crystallization, distillation, and filtration to achieve technical-grade purity (95%+); removal of reaction byproducts that would affect crop safety or regulatory specs.
Technical Grade Quality Control
AI assay by HPLC/GC, impurity profiling per FAO/WHO specifications; retention of reference samples for regulatory audit trail.
Formulation
Technical AI blended with solvents, emulsifiers, and adjuvants into emulsifiable concentrates (EC), suspension concentrates (SC), wettable powders (WP), or granules (G) for field application.
Fill & Packaging
Formulated products dosed into HDPE bottles, drums, or rigid containers; tamper-evident caps and hazmat labeling applied.
Regulatory Registration & Compliance
EPA (US), EFSA (EU), or national authority dossiers supporting each label claim; residue data, efficacy, and environmental fate studies maintained per product registration.
Distribution to Ag Dealers / Co-ops
Temperature-controlled warehousing; hazmat shipping compliance; distribution through ag retail channel to co-ops, farm stores, and custom applicators.
What it's made of
10 raw inputs feed pesticides and herbicides. Inputs flagged with ● are critical, without them, production halts.
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manufactured
Where it comes from
Weighted share of upstream inputs sourced from each country.
| Country | Weighted share | Inputs supplied to pesticides and herbicides |
|---|---|---|
| CNChina | 65% | Atrazine Technical Herbicide · Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient · Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam) +3 |
| ILIsrael | 12% | Atrazine Technical Herbicide |
| JPJapan | 12% | Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam) · Pyrethroid Acid Intermediates (DCVA / DMCA) |
| USUnited States | 11% | Atrazine Technical Herbicide · Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient · Phosphorus Trichloride (PCl3) Synthesis Precursor +2 |
| KZKazakhstan | 10% | Yellow Phosphorus (P4) — Organophosphate Feedstock |
| GBUnited Kingdom | 9% | Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam) |
| DEGermany | 9% | Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient · Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam) · Phosphorus Trichloride (PCl3) Synthesis Precursor +1 |
| INIndia | 7% | Atrazine Technical Herbicide · Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam) · Phosphorus Trichloride (PCl3) Synthesis Precursor +1 |
| VNVietnam | 6% | Yellow Phosphorus (P4) — Organophosphate Feedstock |
| BRBrazil | 6% | Atrazine Technical Herbicide · Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient |
Who makes it
28 companies in this supply chain, sorted by market share.
Agrochemical major (ChemChina/Sinochem owned); atrazine, thiamethoxam, and fungicide market leader; 39.88% stake in Yangnong Chemical.
Supplies these inputs
Atrazine Technical Herbicide · Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam)
Replaceability
Substitutability 40% · 18 mo to replace
Business segments
Pharma and crop science giant; acquired Monsanto 2018; largest glyphosate and imidacloprid branded seller globally.
Supplies these inputs
Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient · Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam)
Replaceability
Substitutability 40% · 18 mo to replace
Business segments
Syngenta Group (Basel, Switzerland; wholly owned by ChemChina / Sinochem Holdings since 2017 at $43B — the largest Chinese acquisition of a foreign company at the time) invented thiamethoxam (Actara foliar/soil insecticide; Cruiser seed treatment) and is the primary global producer. Actara and Engeo Pleno (lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam) are the leading foliar neonicotinoid products for whitefly, leafhopper, and aphid control on vegetables, citrus, and cotton globally. Syngenta also produces acetamiprid (Assail) for foliar use. Manufacturing at Huddersfield UK (primary thiamethoxam) and Schweizerhalle/Basel Switzerland. ChemChina's 2021 merger with Sinochem created a combined entity (~$150B revenue) that includes ADAMA generic agrochemicals — giving a single Chinese state-linked conglomerate both the branded thiamethoxam franchise and significant generic neonicotinoid capacity.
Supplies these inputs
Atrazine Technical Herbicide · Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam)
Replaceability
Substitutability 38% · 12 mo to replace
Business segments
Bayer AG Crop Science division (Monheim am Rhein, Germany; XETRA: BAYN; ~€23B Crop Science revenue 2023) invented imidacloprid in 1985 and co-developed clothianidin with Nippon Soda (licensed from Takeda Chemical). Imidacloprid is the best-selling insecticide in the world by value (~$1.1B annual sales) across foliar, soil-drench, trunk-injection, and aquatic-herbicide use patterns — including structural pest control (termite soil treatments, whitefly foliar sprays on vegetables) and vector control programs (mosquito/bed bug treatments in public health applications). Bayer manufactures imidacloprid and clothianidin technical grade at Dormagen and Leverkusen (North Rhine-Westphalia) and at Monheim R&D/production. Post-2018 EU outdoor ban, Bayer pivoted residual imidacloprid volume toward non-EU foliar markets (India, Brazil, US, Southeast Asia) and veterinary/companion animal applications (Seresto collar — transferred to Elanco 2020).
Supplies these inputs
Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient · Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam) · Pyrethroid Acid Intermediates (DCVA / DMCA)
Replaceability
Substitutability 35% · 24 mo to replace
Business segments
Yangnong Chemical Group (Nanjing, Jiangsu Province; Shanghai Stock Exchange: 600486) is China's largest synthetic pyrethroid insecticide manufacturer and one of the world's largest producers of cypermethrin, bifenthrin, and deltamethrin active ingredients. Yangnong's Nanjing manufacturing base produces pyrethroid active ingredients and intermediates for both domestic Chinese agricultural use and global export. Pyrethroids are essential insecticides for crop protection, malaria-prevention bed nets, and household pest control. Yangnong is the dominant supplier of generic pyrethroid AIs to global formulators including Bayer, FMC, and regional agrochemical companies.
Supplies these inputs
Pyrethroid Acid Intermediates (DCVA / DMCA)
Replaceability
Substitutability 35% · 12 mo to replace
Business segments
Yunnan Phosphate Group Co., Ltd. (Kunming, Yunnan Province; state-owned enterprise under Yunnan provincial government; SZSE: 002185) is China's largest integrated phosphate company and one of the world's largest yellow phosphorus (P4) producers. The company controls major phosphate rock deposits in Yunnan Province — the Jinning and Haikou phosphate mines hold over 2 billion tonnes of phosphate rock reserves — and operates electric arc furnace P4 production powered by Yunnan's hydroelectric grid (Jinsha, Lancang, and Nujiang rivers). Yunnan Phosphate produces yellow phosphorus (P4), phosphoric acid (thermal and wet process), phosphate fertilizers (DAP, MAP, SSP), and specialty phosphorus chemicals including STPP (sodium tripolyphosphate) and sodium hexametaphosphate. The company benefits from three geographical advantages that concentrate in Yunnan Province simultaneously: massive domestic phosphate rock reserves, access to the cheapest hydroelectric power in China (electric arc furnaces require 12-14 MWh per tonne of P4), and proximity to road/rail links into Southeast Asia.
Supplies these inputs
Yellow Phosphorus (P4) — Organophosphate Feedstock
Replaceability
Substitutability 20% · 36 mo to replace
Business segments
Zhejiang Xinan Chemical Group Co., Ltd. (Hangzhou/Kaifeng; SHA: 600596; ~¥12B revenue) is China's largest and the world's largest single producer of glyphosate technical grade. Xinan operates approximately 500,000 metric tonnes per year of glyphosate capacity across its Kaifeng, Henan Province main production base — accounting for roughly 20-25% of global glyphosate output. Xinan uses the IDA (iminodiacetic acid) / glycine-based synthesis route and achieved massive cost advantages through vertical integration into phosphorus chemistry (phosphoric acid, phosphite feedstocks). Listed on Shanghai Stock Exchange; significant state-linked shareholding. Xinan exports heavily to North America, Latin America, and Europe under third-party and white-label arrangements.
Supplies these inputs
Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient
Replaceability
Substitutability 35% · 24 mo to replace
Business segments
ADAMA Agricultural Solutions (Tel Aviv, Israel; SZSE: 000553; majority-owned by ChemChina/Syngenta Group; ~$5B revenue) is one of the world's largest generic agrochemical companies and a major global producer of off-patent herbicides including atrazine. ADAMA was formerly known as Makhteshim Agan Industries before rebranding in 2014. ADAMA manufactures atrazine technical grade and formulations at multiple global sites including manufacturing in Israel, China, and Europe. As a ChemChina sister company to Syngenta, ADAMA represents ChemChina's 'value brand' generic agrochemical strategy alongside Syngenta's premium positioning — both entities serving the atrazine market through different channels and price points. ADAMA's atrazine positions it as a primary supplier to markets where generic atrazine is preferred over the Aatrex brand.
Supplies these inputs
Atrazine Technical Herbicide · Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient
Replaceability
Substitutability 55% · 12 mo to replace
Business segments
Hubei Xingfa Chemical Group Co., Ltd. (Yichang, Hubei Province; SSE: 600141; ~¥30B revenue) is China's second-largest yellow phosphorus (P4) producer and a major integrated phosphorus chemicals company. Xingfa operates P4 electric arc furnace production at the Yichang complex on the Yangtze River — directly adjacent to the Three Gorges Dam, giving the company access to the hydroelectric grid that powers China's most electricity-intensive industrial facilities. Xingfa's downstream chemical portfolio includes: glyphosate (the world's most-used herbicide; Xingfa is a top-3 global glyphosate producer), phosphoric acid, PCl3 (phosphorus trichloride — agrochemical precursor), HEDP (hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid — water treatment chemical), and ATMP (aminotrimethylene phosphonic acid — scale inhibitor). Xingfa is the only company in China that is simultaneously a major P4 producer AND a major glyphosate producer — its P4 production is in the critical path of its own herbicide supply chain. During the 2021 Chinese energy crisis, Xingfa's Yichang P4 furnaces were ordered to cut output, simultaneously disrupting the company's own glyphosate production.
Supplies these inputs
Yellow Phosphorus (P4) — Organophosphate Feedstock
Replaceability
Substitutability 20% · 36 mo to replace
Business segments
Jiangsu Yangnong Chemical Group Co., Ltd. (Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China; SSE: 600486; ~¥8B revenue) is the largest identified Chinese generic producer of imidacloprid and a major manufacturer of acetamiprid and thiamethoxam technical grade. After Bayer's imidacloprid patents expired, Yangnong built large-scale generic capacity at its Yangzhou Jiangsu complex — producing technical grade AI for export to Asia, Africa, Latin America, and re-export through European and US formulators. China as a whole (including Yangnong, Shandong Sino-Agri United Biotechnology, Yancheng Limin Chemical, and 15-20 smaller producers) accounts for an estimated 50-60% of global neonicotinoid active ingredient by volume. Yangnong alone represents approximately 15-20% of global imidacloprid volume. Chinese generic neonicotinoids undercut originator prices by 60-80%, dominating developing-country markets and penetrating US generic supply chains.
Supplies these inputs
Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam)
Replaceability
Substitutability 62% · 12 mo to replace
Business segments
Major Chinese PCl3 producer headquartered in Shandong Province, China. Shandong Xinfa produces phosphorus trichloride primarily for organophosphate pesticide intermediates including glyphosate and chlorpyrifos manufacturing chains. Shandong Province is the historical center of China's phosphorus chemistry industry, with access to domestic phosphate rock and chlorine from local chlor-alkali plants. Xinfa's PCl3 is predominantly sold to Chinese agrochemical manufacturers and exported to Southeast Asian markets.
Supplies these inputs
Phosphorus Trichloride (PCl3) Synthesis Precursor
Replaceability
Substitutability 30% · 24 mo to replace
Business segments
Albaugh LLC (Ankeny, Iowa; privately held; est. 1979; ~$2B+ revenue) is a major US generic agrochemical manufacturer producing off-patent herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides. Albaugh acquired the atrazine technical and formulation business from FMC Corporation — making it a primary US-domiciled atrazine manufacturer and one of the largest US generic agrochemical producers. Albaugh operates manufacturing facilities in St. Joseph, Missouri and in Brazil, serving the US corn belt market with 4L and 90WDG atrazine formulations. As a privately held US company, Albaugh represents a domestic supply alternative to ChemChina-controlled Syngenta/ADAMA atrazine production. Albaugh's corn herbicide portfolio extends to metolachlor-based products and herbicide combinations, positioning it as a full-line generic supplier to US corn growers.
Supplies these inputs
Atrazine Technical Herbicide
Replaceability
Substitutability 65% · 6 mo to replace
Business segments
Spin-off of DowDupont (2019); legacy Dow AgroSciences and DuPont Pioneer; corn herbicides and insecticides.
Supplies these inputs
Atrazine Technical Herbicide
Replaceability
Substitutability 45% · 18 mo to replace
Business segments
Guizhou Kailin Group Co., Ltd. (Guiyang, Guizhou Province; state-owned enterprise under Guizhou provincial government; SZSE: 002513) is one of China's major phosphate rock miners and yellow phosphorus (P4) producers, operating in Guizhou Province — China's second-largest phosphate province after Yunnan. Kailin controls large phosphate rock deposits in the Weng'an and Fuquan areas of central Guizhou Province. The company produces phosphate fertilizers (DAP, MAP), yellow phosphorus (P4) via electric arc furnace smelting, and downstream phosphorus chemicals. Guizhou Kailin's P4 production capacity is estimated at 150,000-180,000 tonnes/year. Guizhou's hydroelectric resources (Wu and Wujiang rivers) provide relatively inexpensive power for P4 arc furnaces, though at higher cost than Yunnan's Lancang/Jinsha grid. Kailin is also a significant phosphate rock exporter historically, though China's 2023-2024 phosphate rock export restrictions have reduced this.
Supplies these inputs
Yellow Phosphorus (P4) — Organophosphate Feedstock
Replaceability
Substitutability 20% · 36 mo to replace
Business segments
Specialty chemicals major; significant Western producer of phosphorus trichloride (PCl3) and other phosphorus-based chemicals.
Supplies these inputs
Phosphorus Trichloride (PCl3) Synthesis Precursor
Replaceability
Substitutability 40% · 12 mo to replace
Business segments
Sumitomo Chemical Co. Ltd. (Tokyo Japan; TYO: 4005; Sumitomo Group); #3 global DL-methionine producer at ~13% market share via Niihama Ehime Works (Ehime Prefecture Shikoku Japan). After a major expansion completed October 2018 (+100,000 MT/year new line), the Niihama facility reached ~250,000 MT/year — one of the world's largest single methionine plants. Also produces crop protection chemicals (agrichemicals), petrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals. The MetiPEARL / liquid methionine brand competes directly with Evonik MetAMINO and Adisseo Rhodimet in Asian poultry markets. Japan is the only significant Japanese methionine production base globally.
Supplies these inputs
Neonicotinoid Active Ingredients (Imidacloprid / Thiamethoxam) · Pyrethroid Acid Intermediates (DCVA / DMCA)
Replaceability
Substitutability 45% · 18 mo to replace
Business segments
Wynca Group Co., Ltd. (Hangzhou, Zhejiang; SZSE: 002718; ~¥8B revenue) is China's second-largest glyphosate producer. Wynca's core Hangzhou and Quzhou facilities produce approximately 200,000-250,000 MT/year glyphosate technical. Wynca also produces glufosinate (glyphosate's primary herbicide competitor) and is vertically integrated into chloralkali and phosphorus chemistry. Wynca/Shengda Chemical (a Wynca subsidiary) operates additional glyphosate capacity through sub-brands. Wynca has expanded globally through Brazilian distribution partnerships.
Supplies these inputs
Glyphosate Technical Active Ingredient
Replaceability
Substitutability 35% · 6 mo to replace
Business segments
Significant PCl3 producer based in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China. Tiancheng Chemical operates dedicated phosphorus trichloride production units using the chlorination of white phosphorus (P4) process. Jiangsu Province's chemical industrial parks host multiple phosphorus chemistry producers serving both domestic agrochemical synthesis and pharmaceutical API manufacturing chains. Tiancheng Chemical is a registered producer under China's chemical weapons precursor reporting system per CWC obligations.
Supplies these inputs
Phosphorus Trichloride (PCl3) Synthesis Precursor
Replaceability
Substitutability 30% · 24 mo to replace
Business segments
Where it's made
33 facilities producing inputs that feed pesticides and herbicides.
ADAMA Agricultural Solutions · Southern District · manufacturing
ADAMA's Ashdod, Israel manufacturing complex is a major production site for atrazine technical grade and other generic active ingredients for global export markets. ADAMA also manufactures atrazine in China through ChemChina-related entities. The Ashdod plant produces active ingredients for the Middle East, EU, Latin American, and US generic agrochemical markets. Source: ADAMA company filings; Israeli Ministry of Environmental Protection facility records.
ADAMA Agricultural Solutions · Southern District
Albaugh LLC · Missouri · manufacturing
Albaugh LLC's St. Joseph, Missouri manufacturing facility is a primary US site for generic atrazine technical and formulated products following the FMC atrazine acquisition. St. Joseph is located on the Missouri River in the heart of the US corn belt distribution zone. Albaugh manufactures 4L (liquid) and 90WDG (dry granule) atrazine formulations at this site. Source: Albaugh company profile; Missouri DNR facility records.
Bayer Crop Science · North Rhine-Westphalia · lab
Bayer Crop Science's Monheim am Rhein campus is the primary R&D and manufacturing center for Bayer's pyrethroid insecticide portfolio including lambda-cyhalothrin (Karate). The Monheim campus represents one of the few remaining large-scale Western European pyrethroid manufacturing operations as Chinese generic producers have captured most commodity pyrethroid volume.
Bayer Crop Science · North Rhine-Westphalia
Bayer's Dormagen site (ChemPark Dormagen, North Rhine-Westphalia; ~3,000 acres, ~5,000 workers across multiple tenants including Lanxess and Covestro) is a primary active ingredient manufacturing location for Bayer Crop Science, producing imidacloprid and clothianidin technical grade for global foliar and soil-treatment markets. The site is one of Germany's largest integrated chemical parks, with Rhine River access for raw material logistics. Following the 2018 EU outdoor ban, Dormagen-produced neonicotinoid volume was partially redirected toward export markets (Brazil, India, US, Southeast Asia) and the veterinary/structural pest control channels. Source: Bayer AG Annual Report 2023; ChemPark Dormagen site documentation.
Bayer AG · North Rhine-Westphalia · chemical-plant
Largest Bayer AI portfolio site; to discontinue generic glyphosate and other commodity AI production by 2028 due to Asian overcapacity.
Bayer Crop Science · Louisiana
Corteva Agriscience · Michigan · chemical-plant
Legacy Dow Chemical / Dow AgroSciences specialty crop protection chemistry site; atrazine and herbicide formulation.
Drexel Chemical Company · Tennessee · manufacturing
Drexel Chemical Company's Memphis, Tennessee manufacturing and formulation facility is a primary production site for generic Atrazine 4L and Atrazine 90DF. Memphis provides Mississippi River access for bulk chemical logistics and central distribution to the US mid-South corn/sorghum belt. Source: Drexel Chemical product catalog; Tennessee Department of Agriculture pesticide manufacturer registration.
FMC Corporation · Texas · lab
FMC Corporation's La Porte TX facility on the Houston Ship Channel area is part of FMC's US agricultural chemicals manufacturing network. Produces pyrethroid formulations and other crop protection products. One of the few remaining US-based pyrethroid manufacturing operations.
FMC Corporation · New Jersey · manufacturing
FMC North American operations center; specialty insecticide formulation and distribution.
Gharda Chemicals Limited · Maharashtra · lab
Gharda Chemicals' primary manufacturing complex at Dombivli MIDC (Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation), Thane District. Produces cypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin, and related pyrethroid active ingredients. India's second-largest pyrethroid production site after Yangnong.
Guizhou Kailin Group (开磷集团) · Guizhou Province · manufacturing
Guizhou Kailin Group yellow phosphorus (P4) electric arc furnace smelter in Weng'an County, Guizhou Province. Adjacent to Kailin's Weng'an phosphate rock open-pit and underground mines (Weng'an area holds large phosphate reserves in central Guizhou). Estimated P4 capacity 150,000-180,000 tonnes/year. Guizhou electric arc furnaces are powered by Guizhou provincial grid — mix of hydroelectric (Wu River system) and coal-fired generation. Higher power costs than Yunnan peers. Source: https://www.kailin.com
Hubei Xingfa Chemical Group (兴发集团) · Hubei Province · manufacturing
Hubei Xingfa Chemical primary production complex in Yichang, Hubei Province, on the Yangtze River 40 km downstream from the Three Gorges Dam. Electric arc furnace P4 production; downstream phosphorus chemicals (PCl3, glyphosate, HEDP, ATMP, phosphoric acid). Estimated P4 capacity 150,000-200,000 tonnes/year. Grid power sourced from Three Gorges hydroelectric. During the September 2021 Chinese energy crisis, Yichang industrial facilities (including Xingfa) received power rationing orders from the Hubei grid authority, forcing P4 furnace curtailments. Source: https://www.xingfa.com
ICL Group Ltd. · Rhineland-Palatinate · manufacturing
ICL Group's European specialty phosphorus chemicals facility at Ludwigshafen, Germany — adjacent to the BASF Verbund complex. Produces phosphate esters, flame retardants, and phosphorus intermediates. ICL Ludwigshafen (formerly Albright & Wilson Germany) is a legacy phosphorus chemistry site with decades of continuous operation. Source: ICL Group Annual Report 2023.
Innophos Holdings, Inc. · Veracruz · manufacturing
Innophos Holdings specialty phosphates production plant in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico. Produces thermal phosphoric acid by burning imported P4 in combustion tower — one of the few remaining thermal phosphoric acid plants in North America. P4 sourced from China (Yunnan/Hubei producers) and Morocco when available. Also produces purified phosphoric acid (PPA) and specialty phosphate salts (TSP, STPP) for food and industrial applications. The Coatzacoalcos facility's thermal P4 processing makes Innophos directly exposed to Chinese yellow phosphorus export restrictions. Source: https://www.innophos.com
Jiangsu Changhai Chemical Co. · Jiangsu Province · manufacturing
Jiangsu Changhai Chemical primary phosphorus chemicals facility in Nanjing chemical industrial zone. Produces PCl3, POCl3, and PCl5 for pharmaceutical and agrochemical intermediate markets. Nanjing's chemical industrial parks provide proximity to API manufacturers and export logistics via Yangtze River shipping. Source: Jiangsu Changhai company filings; China Chemical Industry Association.
Lanxess AG · North Rhine-Westphalia · manufacturing
LANXESS primary phosphorus chemistry production site at Leverkusen (former Bayer AG chemicals complex). Produces PCl3 and downstream phosphorus chemistry including flame retardants and crop protection intermediates. LANXESS became the largest Western PCl3 producer after the 2012 Thermphos bankruptcy removed European competition. Site is subject to OPCW Schedule 3 chemical declaration requirements. Source: LANXESS Annual Report 2023; OPCW Schedule 3 facility declarations.
Lanxess AG · North Rhine-Westphalia · chemical-plant
Lanxess HQ and primary phosphorus chemistry production including PCl3; spun off from Bayer in 2004.
Nippon Soda Co. · Niigata
Nippon Soda's Nihongi Plant (Niigata Prefecture, Japan) is the originating and primary manufacturing site for acetamiprid technical grade (since commercial launch early 1990s). As acetamiprid is the only first-generation neonicotinoid with retained EU approval for most outdoor uses, the Nihongi plant has faced increased demand from European formulators substituting acetamiprid for banned imidacloprid/clothianidin/thiamethoxam. The plant also produces clothianidin under Nippon Soda's co-development agreements with Bayer. Niigata Prefecture is on the Sea of Japan coast — logistics run through Niigata Port. Source: Nippon Soda Annual Report 2023; Nihongi Plant overview.
Shandong Xinfa Agricultural Science & Technology · Shandong Province · manufacturing
Primary PCl3 manufacturing site for Shandong Xinfa Agricultural Science, located in Weifang, Shandong Province. Produces phosphorus trichloride via chlorination of white phosphorus. Shandong Province chemical industrial parks host co-located chlor-alkali operations providing chlorine feedstock. Source: IHS Markit Phosphorus Chemicals Report 2023.
Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. · Ehime
Sumitomo Chemical's Ehime Works (Nihama / Niihama, Ehime Prefecture) is the primary Japanese manufacturing complex for Sumitomo's agrochemical active ingredients including dinotefuran and acetamiprid. The Niihama site has been Sumitomo's core chemicals production facility since 1915 — one of Japan's oldest continuous chemical manufacturing locations. Dinotefuran, developed jointly with Mitsui Chemicals Agro, is produced here for domestic Japanese use (especially rice paddy water weevil control) and for global export under Safari, Venom, and Starkle brand names. Source: Sumitomo Chemical Annual Report 2023; Ehime Works site overview.
Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. · Niigata · lab
Sumitomo Chemical's Nihongi plant (Niigata Prefecture, Japan) is the primary manufacturing site for Sumitomo's premium pyrethroid active ingredients including lambda-cyhalothrin and esfenvalerate. This facility produces Sumitomo's high-quality pyrethroid AIs used in proprietary agricultural products globally.
Syngenta Group (ChemChina) · West Yorkshire · manufacturing
Syngenta's Huddersfield, West Yorkshire site is the primary European manufacturing location for thiamethoxam (Actara foliar insecticide; Cruiser seed treatment) active ingredient. ~500 employees; site heritage traces to ICI agrochemicals. Huddersfield also produces other Syngenta actives. The Environment Agency (UK) has monitored the site for neonicotinoid discharges into the River Calder — a recurring water quality concern given thiamethoxam's high water solubility and persistence in aquatic environments. Post-2018 EU ban, UK production continues for global export (US, Latin America, Asia) and domestic structural/turf uses permitted under UK post-Brexit regulations. Source: Syngenta Annual Report 2023; UK Environment Agency discharge consent database.
Syngenta Group · Louisiana · chemical-plant
Syngenta's St. Gabriel, Louisiana agrochemical manufacturing complex is the primary US production site for atrazine technical grade and Aatrex® formulations. Located on the Mississippi River chemical corridor between Baton Rouge and New Orleans (a.k.a. 'Cancer Alley'), the plant benefits from river logistics for feedstock receipt and product distribution. St. Gabriel is also a major US production site for other Syngenta active ingredients. The plant has been subject to Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (LDEQ) permit actions and EPA inspection history. Source: Syngenta Annual Report; LDEQ permit database.
Wynca Group (Zhejiang Wynca Chemical) · Zhejiang · chemical-plant
Primary glyphosate technical production for Wynca Group; part of China's largest agrochemical company by sales (CNY 3.55B).
Wynca Group (Zhejiang Wynca Chemical) · Zhejiang Province
Zhejiang Xinan Chemical Group · Henan Province
Xuzhou Tiancheng Chemical Co. · Jiangsu Province · manufacturing
Xuzhou Tiancheng Chemical's primary production facility for phosphorus trichloride and related phosphorus chlorides (POCl3, PCl5) in Xuzhou Economic Development Zone, Jiangsu Province. Registered under China's CWC Schedule 3 chemical reporting obligations. Source: Xuzhou Tiancheng company filings; OPCW national reporting.
Yangnong Chemical Group Co., Ltd. · Jiangsu · lab
Yangnong Chemical's primary pyrethroid AI manufacturing complex in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Produces cypermethrin, bifenthrin, deltamethrin, and pyrethroid intermediates. This facility is one of the largest synthetic pyrethroid production sites in the world, serving both the Chinese domestic market and global export customers including agrochemical formulators and WHO procurement programs for malaria-prevention bed nets.
