Title 22

Foreign Relations and Intercourse

2,989 sections in this title — page 23 of 30.

§ 5507

Recovery and disposition of remains and personal effects

Chapter CHAPTER 64— - UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD

§ 5508

Assessment of Lockerbie experience

Chapter CHAPTER 64— - UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD

§ 5509

Official Department of State recognition

Chapter CHAPTER 64— - UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD

§ 5510

United States Government compensation for victims of terrorism

Chapter CHAPTER 64— - UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD

§ 5511

Overseas Security Electronic Bulletin Board

Chapter CHAPTER 64— - UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD

§ 5512

Antiterrorism measures

Chapter CHAPTER 64— - UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD

§ 5513

Proposal for consideration by International Civil Aviation Organization

Chapter CHAPTER 64— - UNITED STATES RESPONSE TO TERRORISM AFFECTING AMERICANS ABROAD

§ 5601

Purposes

Chapter CHAPTER 65— - CONTROL AND ELIMINATION OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS

§ 5602

Multilateral efforts

Chapter CHAPTER 65— - CONTROL AND ELIMINATION OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS

§ 5603

United States export controls

Chapter CHAPTER 65— - CONTROL AND ELIMINATION OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS

§ 5604

Determinations regarding use of chemical or biological weapons

Chapter CHAPTER 65— - CONTROL AND ELIMINATION OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS

§ 5605

Sanctions against use of chemical or biological weapons

Chapter CHAPTER 65— - CONTROL AND ELIMINATION OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS

§ 5701

Findings and declarations

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY

§ 5702

Definitions

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY

§ 5711

Bilateral ties between United States and Hong Kong

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - POLICY

§ 5712

Participation in multilateral organizations, rights under international agreements, and trade status

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - POLICY

§ 5713

Commerce between United States and Hong Kong

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - POLICY

§ 5714

Transportation

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - POLICY

§ 5715

Cultural and educational exchanges

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - POLICY

§ 5721

Continued application of United States law

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - STATUS OF HONG KONG IN UNITED STATES LAW

§ 5722

Presidential order

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - STATUS OF HONG KONG IN UNITED STATES LAW

§ 5723

Rules and regulations

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - STATUS OF HONG KONG IN UNITED STATES LAW

§ 5724

Consultation with Congress

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - STATUS OF HONG KONG IN UNITED STATES LAW

§ 5725

Secretary of State report regarding the autonomy of Hong Kong

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - STATUS OF HONG KONG IN UNITED STATES LAW

§ 5726

Treatment of Hong Kong applicants for visas to study or work in the United States

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - STATUS OF HONG KONG IN UNITED STATES LAW

§ 5731

Reporting requirement

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER III— - REPORTING PROVISIONS

§ 5732

Separate part of country reports

Chapter CHAPTER 66— - UNITED STATES-HONG KONG POLICY › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER III— - REPORTING PROVISIONS

§ 5801

Definition of independent states

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT

§ 5811

Findings

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - GENERAL PROVISIONS

§ 5812

Program coordination, implementation, and oversight

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - GENERAL PROVISIONS

§ 5813

Report on overall assistance and economic cooperation strategy

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - GENERAL PROVISIONS

§ 5821

American Business Centers

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

§ 5822

Business and Agriculture Advisory Council

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

§ 5823

Funding for export promotion activities and capital projects

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

§ 5824

Interagency working group on energy of the Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

§ 5826

Policy on combatting tied aid practices

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

§ 5827

Technical assistance for Russian Far East

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

§ 5828

Funding for OPIC programs

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - BUSINESS AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

§ 5841

Authorization for establishment of Democracy Corps

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER III— - THE DEMOCRACY CORPS

§ 5851

Findings

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5852

Eligibility

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5853

Nonproliferation and disarmament activities in independent states

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5854

Nonproliferation and disarmament fund

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5855

Limitations on defense conversion authorities

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5856

Soviet weapons destruction

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5857

Waiver of certain provisions

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5858

Notice and reports to Congress

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5859

International nonproliferation initiative

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5859a

International nonproliferation initiative

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5860

Report on special nuclear materials

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5861

Research and Development Foundation

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - NONPROLIFERATION AND DISARMAMENT PROGRAMS AND ACTIVITIES

§ 5871

Facilitating discussions regarding acquisition of space hardware, technology, and services from former Soviet Union

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER V— - SPACE TRADE AND COOPERATION

§ 5872

Office of Space Commerce

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER V— - SPACE TRADE AND COOPERATION

§ 5873

Report to Congress

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER V— - SPACE TRADE AND COOPERATION

§ 5874

Definitions

Chapter CHAPTER 67— - FREEDOM FOR RUSSIA AND EMERGING EURASIAN DEMOCRACIES AND OPEN MARKETS SUPPORT › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER V— - SPACE TRADE AND COOPERATION

§ 5901

Demilitarization of independent states of former Soviet Union

Chapter CHAPTER 68— - DEMILITARIZATION OF FORMER SOVIET UNION › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - FINDINGS AND PROGRAM AUTHORITY

§ 5911

Administration of demilitarization programs

Chapter CHAPTER 68— - DEMILITARIZATION OF FORMER SOVIET UNION › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - ADMINISTRATIVE AND FUNDING AUTHORITIES

§ 5922

Quarterly reports on programs

Chapter CHAPTER 68— - DEMILITARIZATION OF FORMER SOVIET UNION › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER III— - REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

§ 5931

Programs with states of former Soviet Union

Chapter CHAPTER 68— - DEMILITARIZATION OF FORMER SOVIET UNION › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER IV— - JOINT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS

§ 5951

Findings on cooperative threat reduction

Chapter CHAPTER 68A— - COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION WITH STATES OF FORMER SOVIET UNION

§ 5954

Funding for fiscal year 1994

Chapter CHAPTER 68A— - COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION WITH STATES OF FORMER SOVIET UNION

§ 5958

Authorization for additional fiscal year 1993 assistance to independent states of the former Soviet Union

Chapter CHAPTER 68A— - COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION WITH STATES OF FORMER SOVIET UNION

§ 5961a

Requirement for on-site managers

Chapter CHAPTER 68A— - COOPERATIVE THREAT REDUCTION WITH STATES OF FORMER SOVIET UNION

§ 6

UNITED STATES INVESTMENT AND TRADE.

Chapter CHAPTER 60— - ANTI-APARTHEID PROGRAM

§ 6001

Findings

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6002

Statement of policy

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6003

International cooperation

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6004

Support for Cuban people

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6005

Sanctions

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6006

Policy toward a transitional Cuban Government

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6007

Policy toward a democratic Cuban Government

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6008

Existing claims not affected

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6009

Enforcement

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6010

“United States person” defined

Chapter CHAPTER 69— - CUBAN DEMOCRACY

§ 6021

Findings

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD)

§ 6022

Purposes

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD)

§ 6023

Definitions

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD)

§ 6024

Severability

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD)

§ 6031

Statement of policy

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6032

Enforcement of economic embargo of Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6033

Prohibition against indirect financing of Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6034

United States opposition to Cuban membership in international financial institutions

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6035

United States opposition to termination of suspension of Cuban Government from participation in Organization of American States

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6036

Assistance by independent states of former Soviet Union for Cuban Government

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6037

Television broadcasting to Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6039

Authorization of support for democratic and human rights groups and international observers

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6040

Importation safeguard against certain Cuban products

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6041

Withholding of foreign assistance from countries supporting Juragua nuclear plant in Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6042

Reinstitution of family remittances and travel to Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6043

Expulsion of criminals from Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6044

News bureaus in Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6045

Effect of chapter on lawful United States Government activities

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6046

Condemnation of Cuban attack on American aircraft

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER I— - STRENGTHENING INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST THE CASTRO GOVERNMENT

§ 6061

Policy toward transition government and democratically elected government in Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - ASSISTANCE TO FREE AND INDEPENDENT CUBA

§ 6062

Assistance for Cuban people

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - ASSISTANCE TO FREE AND INDEPENDENT CUBA

§ 6063

Coordination of assistance program; implementation and reports to Congress; reprogramming

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - ASSISTANCE TO FREE AND INDEPENDENT CUBA

§ 6064

Termination of economic embargo of Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - ASSISTANCE TO FREE AND INDEPENDENT CUBA

§ 6065

Requirements and factors for determining transition government

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - ASSISTANCE TO FREE AND INDEPENDENT CUBA

§ 6066

Requirements for determining democratically elected government

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - ASSISTANCE TO FREE AND INDEPENDENT CUBA

§ 6067

Settlement of outstanding United States claims to confiscated property in Cuba

Chapter CHAPTER 69A— - CUBAN LIBERTY AND DEMOCRATIC SOLIDARITY (LIBERTAD) › Subchapter SUBCHAPTER II— - ASSISTANCE TO FREE AND INDEPENDENT CUBA